COVID-19 is spreading all around the world, and is considered as the most widespread infectious disease of the century. Coronavirus transmits through respiratory droplets when in close contact with the infected person. Therefore, populous places are more likely to be the source of the novel coronavirus that is threatening the health of everyone especially the geriatric population. This study aimed to compare the transmission of coronavirus between metropolitan and non- metropolitan counties as lessons of mortality (especially in geriatric) following COVID-19 epidemic. The USAFact.org public website (https://usafacts.org/visualizations) was used to determine the transmission between metro and non- metropolitan counties. In this study, four different time periods were considered for the COVID-19 incremental trend (April 1, May 1, June 1, and July 1, 2020). The number of cases was determined per each 10,000 population. Yellow color means no case in the metropolitan county (metro). Orange color means less than 10 cases/10,000 of the population in metro. Figure and maps were used to show the objectives of the study. In metropolitan counties, the spread of COVID-19 is very fast, which is significantly different from the non-metro counties (P<0.001). The results show the sharp increasing trend of infected people in metropolitan counties. In metropolitan counties the number of infected people reached 2 420 316 cases per 10 000 populations but the number of infected people reached 231 459 cases per 10 000 populations. Over the four months period, the frequency of the light colors was decreased. According to the results, susceptible people especially the elderly should move to non- metropolitan counties during the COVID-19 pandemic to be less likely at risk.
Recently, a new respiratory infectious disease called COVID-19 has emerged and created a global emergency. It was initially linked to the animal-to-human transmission. However, it is now thought that COVID-19 is spreading through human-to-human transmission mainly via droplets. As there is no definite antiviral therapy for the treatment of cases with COVID-19 the best option for slowing down the pandemic and reducing mortality rates is protection against the virus of interest. To achieve this goal obtaining information about how first cases infected with COVID-19 is crucial. Hence, this study aims to review the studies published in peer-reviewed journals to report the first confirmed cases with COVID-19. Herein, we review the origin, symptoms, diagnostic tests, and progress of the disease and possible actions of authorities which would be effective in similar pandemics in the future. This study reviewed 13 cases (5 females and 8 males; 25-61 years old) from 10 countries. All cases have recovered from COVID-19. The results of this review suggested that timely reports of the confirmed cases, notifying World Health Organization and providing information to the general population about the methods of spreading the virus would have decreased the number of infected cases and mortality rates. In addition, the travel history of the first confirmed cases in various countries suggested that prompt actions in restricting travels and closing borders could be an efficient strategy in preventing the transmission of the disease outside of the affected sites. Efforts should be taken by health authorities for preparing the world for future epidemic/pandemic in terms of developing advanced screening strategies in the borders and diagnostic strategies for early identification of infected cases.
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