Bioinsecticide is an alternative to overcome larva resistence to insecticide and reduce environtment contamination. This research is to analyze the effect of areca seed extract to An. vagus larva. The research is taken time in 2017. The research design is laboratory experiment with post test only control group design. The areca seed and An. vagus larva are collected from Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya, then the seeds were extracted with ultrasonic method. The effect of the extract is evaluated based on LC50 and LC90 value. The sample from 25 An. vagus larva instar III are released into areca seed extract on 500, 1250, 2000, 2750, 3500, 4250 and 5000 ppm and observed within 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours and 6 repetition. The data then analyzed with probit analysis and ANOVA. The areca seed extract eliminates An. vagus larva as much as 61.33% under 6 hours exposure with 5000 ppm, 52% larva mortality on 12 hours with 4250 ppm, 56% larva mortality on 18 hours with 3500 ppm, and 55% larva mortality on 24 hours with 2750 ppm. The value of LC50 and LC90 on 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours are 4654.374 and 6320,732; 3717.286 and 5127.489 ppm; 3201,473 and 4775,206 ppm; 2385,297 and 4496,708 ppm. There is variation of larva mortality percentage average on every concentration and exposure time, the higher the concentration and exposure time the higher An. vagus larva mortality.
Mass drugs administration (MDA) of filariasis is one part of the filariasis elimination program as it is targeted by World Health Organization to complete by 2020. Some efforts are made to ensure successful MDA with coverage and compliance according to the target set. There are several important things that can affect the success of the MDA. It is related to the readiness of implementers in planning, coordination and distribution of drugs. The result of the first year of MDA could be used as a recommendation for the next period. The aim of this study is to describe the readiness of the MDA in the first round in Southwest Sumba District, especially in Kodi Balaghar Sub District. Data were obtained by in-depth interviews at district and sub-district implementers. The results of this study showed that there is no readiness in the implementation of MDA of which is seen from the lack of knowledge from each stakeholder on filariasis disease and stages in the implementation of MDA. A better planning is needed to reduce operational and technical constraints. Keywords : mass drugs administration, constraints, stakeholder Abstrak Pemberian obat pencegah filariasis secara massal adalah salah satu bagian dari program eliminasi filariasis yang oleh organisasi kesehatan dunia ditargetkan selesai pada tahun 2020. Berbagai upaya dilakukan agar pelaksanan pengobatan massal berhasil dengan cakupan dan kepatuhan minum obat sesuai dengan target yang ditentukan. Dalam pengobatan massal terdapat beberapa hal penting yang dapat memengaruhi suksesnya pengobatan yaitu terkait kesiapan pihak pelaksana dalam perencanaan, koordinasi dan pembagian obat. Pengobatan massal tahun pertama menjadi indikator yang dapat dijadikan rekomendasi dalam pengobatan periode selanjutnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan kesiapan pelaksanaan pengobatan massal filariasis tahap pertama di Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya khususnya di Kecamatan Kodi Balaghar. Data penelitian ini diperoleh dengan wawancara mendalam pada pelaksana kabupaten hingga kecamatan. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan belum adanya kesiapan dalam pelaksanaan pengobatan massal filariasis yang terlihat dari kurangnya pengetahuan dari tiap stakeholder tentang penyakit filariasis dan tahapan dalam pelaksanaan pengobatan massal. Perencanaan yang lebih baik diperlukan untuk mengurangi hambatan operasional dan teknis yang dihadapi. Kata kunci : Pengobatan massal filariasis, hambatan, stakeholder
Globally, tuberculosis is still a major health problems including in Indonesia.The program has been implemented however,the tuberculosis cases are still high considering the condition during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of tuberculosis during the COVID-19 pandemic at the Elopada Health Center through qualitative inquiry by interviewing with one person and three head of the health center in the tuberculosis service department and two village heads. Meanwhile, the triangulation informants consisted of tuberculosis manager in Southwest Sumba Regency and the head of the Controlling Division of infectious diseases. The results showed that the number of tuberculosis cases at the health center had an increase in cases with BTA+. Control measures providing tuberculosis services included active and passive case findings, diagnosis and treatment which were done manually and digitally,based on microscopic laboratory examinations and molecular rapid tests. Treatment and recording and reporting are done manually or digitally. During the pandemic, tuberculosis services were carried out separately from other patient services. The conclusion is that tuberculosis control at the Elopada Community Health Center is still being carried out during the pandemic by paying attention to health protocols and utilizing technology (social media). Key words: control, tuberkulosis, pandemic Covid-19, Elopada health center Abstrak Tuberkulosis masih menjadi perhatian sebagai salah satu masalah kesehatan utama di Indonesia maupun Global. Program sudah dijalankan namun sampai saat ini kasus tuberkulosis masih tinggi. Disamping itu kondisi saat ini menghadapi pandemi covid-19. Puskesmas menjadi ujung tombak dalam memberikan pelayanan kesehatan di masyarakat. Tujuan artikel ini adalah memberikan gambaran pengendalian tuberkulosis pada masa pandemi di Puskesmas Elopada. Jenis penelitian adalah kualitatif observatif yang melakukan wawancara dengan kepala puskesmas dan petugas bagian pelayanan tuberkulosis dan kepala desa. Sedangkan informan triangulasi terdiri dari pengelola tuberkulosis Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya dan Kepala Bidang Pengendalian Penyakit Menular. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah kasus tuberkulosis di puskesmas Elopada terjadi peningkatan pada kasus dengan BTA+. Upaya pengendalian yang dilakukan memberikan pelayanan tuberkulosis meliputi penemuan kasus secara aktif dan pasif yang dilakukan secara manual dan berbasis internet, diagnosis penderita berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan labotarorium secara mikroskopis dan menggunakan tes cepat molekuler. Pengobatan, pencatatan dan pelaporan dilakukan secara manual maupun digital. Selama masa pandemi pelayanan tuberkulosis dilakukan terpisah dengan pelayanan pasien lainnya. Kesimpulan pengendalian tuberkulosis di Puskesmas Elopada tetap dijalankan di masa pandemi dengan memperhatikan protokol kesehatan dan memanfaatkan teknologi (media sosial). Kata kunci: Pengendalian, tuberkulosis, Pandemi Covid-19, Puskesmas Elopada
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