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BackgroundTaenia solium and Taenia saginata are food-borne parasites of global importance. In eastern Europe only fragmented information is available on the epidemiology of these zoonotic parasites in humans and animal populations. In particular for T. solium, on-going transmission is suspected. The aim of this systematic review was to collect the available data and describe the current knowledge on the epidemiology of T. solium and T. saginata in eastern Europe.MethodsLiterature published in international databases from 1990 to 2017 was systematically reviewed. Furthermore, local sources and unpublished data from national databases were retrieved from local eastern European experts. The study area included 22 countries.ResultsResearchers from 18 out of the 22 countries provided data from local and unpublished sources, while no contacts could be established with researchers from Belarus, Kosovo, Malta and Ukraine. Taeniosis and human cysticercosis cases were reported in 14 and 15 out of the 22 countries, respectively. Estonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Lithuania, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Serbia, and Slovakia reported cases of porcine cysticercosis. Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, and Ukraine reported bovine cysticercosis.ConclusionsThere is indication that taeniosis and cysticercosis are present across eastern Europe but information on the occurrence of T. solium and T. saginata across the region remains incomplete. Available data are scarce and species identification is in most cases absent. Given the public health impact of T. solium and the potential economic and trade implications due to T. saginata, notification of taeniosis and human cysticercosis should be implemented and surveillance and notification systems in animals should be improved.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-018-3153-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Herein we report the synthesis of different derivatives of (fluoro)quinolones norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin and pipemidic acid, by incorporating (benzoylamino)methyl on the free nitrogen of the pyperazinyl moiety. The compounds were structurally characterized by 1D and 2D NMR, FTIR and highresolution mass spectroscopy. In addition, their physicochemical properties were a matter of interest to be correlated with their structure and antimicrobial activity in vitro. Their antimicrobial activities were screened against Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and C. albicans. Higher distribution coefficients and consequently lower water solubility were determined for all synthesized compounds than the ones of the corresponding leading compounds. Inconsequential correlations between the lipophilicity of the compounds and MIC were observed, suggesting that passive diffusion is not the only mechanism for their penetration into bacterial cells. Further studies are needed to determine how substitutions in the (fluoro)quinolone moiety affect the primary target(s), substrate behavior in respect to bacterial transporters and overall bioavailability.Keywords: (benzoylamino)methyl; quinolones; structure; physicochemical properties; antimicrobial activity СИНТЕЗА, ФИЗИЧКОХЕМИСКА КАРАКТЕРИЗАЦИЈА И АНТИБАКТЕРИСКА АКТИВНОСТ НА НОВИ (БЕНЗОИЛАМИНО)МЕТИЛНИ ДЕРИВАТИ НА ХИНОЛОНИВо трудот е прикажана синтеза на различни деривати на (флуоро)хинолони со инкорпорирање на (бензоиламино)метилна група на слободниот азот од пиперазинскиот фрагмент кај норфлоксацинот, ципрофлоксацинот и пипемидинската киселина како водечки соединенија. Синтетизираните соединенија беа структурно карактеризирани со помош на 1D и 2D NMR, FTIR и масена спектрометрија со висока резолуција. Дополнително беа определени физичкохемиските особини на новосинтетизираните соединенија и корелирани со нивната структура и антимикро- 179-197 (2016) 180 бната активност in vitro. Антимикробната активност на новите соединенија беше испитувана на Gram-позитивни и Gram-негативни бактерии и на C. albicans. Сите новосинтетизирани соеди-ненија покажаа повисок коефициент на распределба и соодветно пониска растворливост во вода во однос на водечките соединенија. Корелациите меѓу липофилноста на синтетизираните соединенија и минималната инхибиторна концентрација (MIC) не беа статистички значајни, што укажува на тоа дека пасивната дифузија не е единствениот механизам со кој тие пенетрираат во бактериските клетки. Потребни се понатамошни истражувања за да се испита како супституциите во (флуоро)хинолонското јадро влијаат врз примарната цел(и), супстратното однесување во однос на бактериските транспортери и севкупната биорасположливост.