Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan penolakan radiograf BNO-IVP serta mengetahui solusi penyebab penolakan radiograf BNO-IVP. Peneliti menggunakan 3 metode pengumpulan data, yaitu metode observasi yang menghasilkan data berupa ceklist faktor-faktor penyebab reject radiograf BNO-IVP, metode wawancara digunakan untuk validasi data penelitian, dan metode dokumentasi menghasilkan data berupa foto-foto radiograf BNO-IVP yang ditolak. Kemudian hasil data di analisis dengan metode reject film analysis. Dari metode-metode diatas dapat dihasilkan reject rate pada bulan September sebesar 13,04%, bulan Oktober sebesar 13,63%, dan bulan November sebesar 29,26%. Dengan evaluasi faktor-faktor penyebab penolakan pada bulan November antara lain anatomi yang terpotong, kontras radiograf, pergerakan pasien, fecal material, dan keefektifan persiapan pasien. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Instalasi Radiodiagnostik RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya menggunakan 12 radiograf yang di tolak dari 41 pemeriksaan pada bulan November dan dinilai oleh 1 responden, di dapatkan hasil bahwa faktor penyebab penolakan radiograf BNO-IVP terbesar yaitu masih terdapatnya fecal meterial dan kurangnya keefektifan persiapan pasien dengan persentase masing-masing faktor sebesar 100%. Berdasarkan analisa peneliti solusi yang dapat diberikan yaitu perlunya peningkatan komunikasi efektif kepada pasien mengenai persiapan pemeriksaan BNO-IVP yang akan dilakukan, dan juga memperbaiki form petunjuk persiapan pemeriksaan IVP yang lebih simple agar lebih mudah dimengerti pasien.
Covid-19 is a type of pneumonia disease currently affecting people around the world. Covid-19 and tuberculosis are lung diseases that are dangerous and spread quickly to other humans. Chest radiography is one of the main modalities in the management of suspected COVID-19 and tuberculosis patients as it provides radiological information on lung infections that can be used as diagnostic guidelines and patient care. This study aims to determine the differences in optical density and contrast in Covid-19 and pneumonia tuberculosis cases in order to find the specific characteristics of Covid-19 and tuberculosis. This research processed secondary data from Covid-19 and tuberculosis positive patients using image-J software that can be easily obtained and operated by anyone. After processing, the density and contrast were analyzed, particularly for the lungs. Based on image processing results, the average density for Cnovid-19 radiographs is 1,066, while for Tuberculosis radiograph is 1,519. The average contrast values for Covid-19 and tuberculosis radiographs are 0.37 and 1.03. Thus, it can be concluded that the contrast of the Covid-19 radiograph is lower than the tuberculosis radiograph. The difference in optical density on the tuberculosis and Covid-19 cases is 0.5 as the opacity on the chest radiographs of Covid-19 patients is evenly distributed over the entire lung surface.
CT-Scan pediatrik merupakan pemeriksaan cepat dan tanpa rasa sakit yang menggunakan peralatan x-ray untuk membuat gambar rinci dari organ internal, tulang, jaringan lunak dan pembuluh darah anak. Pemeriksaan Ct Scan pediatric digunakan untuk membantu mendiagnosa sakit perut dan mengevaluasi cedera trauma. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian Kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode observasional analitik, dengan sampel penelitian 10 keluarga pasien. Pengukuran dosis radiasi organ tyroid keluarga pasien dengan menggunakan alat ukur pendose DMC 3000 dengan cara alat diikat pada bagian kiri leher keluarga pasien (bagian yang tidak tertutup apron). Hasil penelitian dosis radiasi organ tyroid keluarga pasien mengasilkan rata-rata untuk scanogram 0,0000062 mSv. Untuk hasil scanning didapatkan rata-rata 0,00117 mSv/enam belas menit, nilai rata-rata dosis ekuivalen 0,0017 mSv/enam belas menit dan nilai rata-rata dosis efektif 0,00000467 mSv/enam belas menit. Rata-rata yang diperoleh masih dikategorikan aman dengan nilai batas dosis radiasi yang telah ditetapkan oleh PERKA BAPETEN No.8 tahun 2011.
Background: No data has yet been found regarding the evaluation of the use of Dose Constraints in a hospital radiology installation. The purpose of this study was to determine the percentage of adherence to the use of dose constraints in a radiology installation as well as analysis and follow-up. Methods: The research was conducted by making observations at 30 Hospitals on the island of Java, the researchers distributed a questionnaire survey in the form of 20 data using the exposure factor for Thorax PA examination which would then be inputted through the Si-INTAN application to obtain ESAK values. Results: Based on 600 data on the use of exposure factors from 30 samples of hospitals on the island of Java, it was found that 21 or 70% of the hospitals adhered to the use of dose constraints and as many as 9 or 30% of hospitals do not comply with the use of the determined dose constraint. Conclusions: Of the 9 hospitals that were not compliant with the use of the dose constraint, the highest ESAK value was obtained from RS-18, which was 0.939 mGy, which reached twice the stipulated I-DRL Thorax examination value. It can be seen that these hospitals used the most mAs. higher than other hospitals. The mAs values used range from 10-28 mAs. When compared with the lowest ESAK value, namely RS-3, it only uses 5 mAs for an adult thorax examination. to suppress ESAK doses to be lower we can use high tube voltages. to obtain an exposure with the same transmission at a patient thickness of 20 cm, namely by increasing one of the irradiation parameters of the tube voltage value by compensating for a decrease in the tube current-time value to produce an image density that is almost the same,and using very low mAs also results in a dose radiation is very small.
Background: One variation of pulse sequence used in MRI Brain examination is Diffusion Weighted Image (DWI). In the DWI sequence, the value of 'b' which the operator must choose when setting the parameters, affects the signal intensity. In radiology installations, radiographers often use a 'b' value of 1000 s/mm2 with various pathologies. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of setting the value of 'b' (1000.1500.2000 s/mm2) on image information and to determine the best setting of the three selected 'b' values in generating DWI signals for cases of intracranial tumors.Methods: This research is experimental study. This research uses MR GE 1.5 Tesla. 6 radiographic images were created with three 'b' value settings. Three radiologists then assessed areas of white matter, gray matter, proc. coronoid, basal ganglia and tumor lesions. The results were then analyzed using the Friedman statistical test.Results: The results showed that there were differences in signal intensity and image quality between the three setting values of 'b' with p value 0.005. The mean rank indicates that the best setting 'b' value in producing high signal intensity in Basal ganglia, Proc. coronoid and tumor lesions is 1500 s/mm2 (Mean rank: 2.75 and 2.42). then for white matter and gray matter the best 'b' value setting is 1000 s/mm2 (average rating: 2.50).Conclusion: There is a significant difference in MRI Brain image information with variations in the "b" values of 1000 s/mm2, 1500 s/mm2 and 2000 s/mm2 with pulse sequence Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) using GE 1.5 Tesla MRI modality in patients with intracranial tumors (p 0.05). Keyword : DWI , ‘b’ value, Brain, Tumor, image information
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