Aims:
1
Describe the epidemiology and determine risk factors for COVID-19 associated mucormycosis.
2
Elaborate the clinical spectrum of Rhino-Orbital-Cerebral Mucormycosis (ROCM), pattern of neuroaxis involvement and it's radiological correlates.
Methods
Observational study. Consecutive, confirmed cases of mucormycosis (N = 55) were included. A case of mucormycosis was defined as one who had clinical and radiological features consistent with mucormycosis along with demonstration of the fungus in tissue via KOH mount/culture/histopathological examination (HPE). Data pertaining to epidemiology, risk factors, clinico-radiological features were analysed using percentage of total cases.
Results
Middle aged, diabetic males with recent COVID-19 infection were most affected. New onset upper jaw toothache was a striking observation in several cases. Among neurological manifestations headache, proptosis, vision loss, extraocular movement restriction; cavernous sinus, meningeal and parenchymal involvement were common. Stroke in ROCM followed a definitive pattern with watershed infarction.
Conclusions
New onset upper jaw toothache and loosening of teeth should prompt an immediate search for mucormycosis in backdrop of diabetic patients with recent COVID-19 disease, aiding earlier diagnosis and treatment initiation. Neuroaxis involvement was characterized by a multitude of features pertaining to involvement of optic nerve, extraocular muscles, meninges, brain parenchyma and internal carotid artery.
Creep deformation behaviour in single phase c-TiAl alloy has been an extensively studied topic since the late 1970 s. A lot of literatures have reported creep behaviour of c-TiAl alloys, manufactured using different processing techniques [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. The present discussion revisits the original work on understanding the tensile creep deformation behaviour of wrought single-phase c-TiAl alloy by Hayes et al. [8] and is aimed to develop an understanding of steady state creep, through strain vs strain rate and strain vs ln(strain rate) plots. Besides, it also attempts to study the variation of stress exponent with temperature between 760 and 900⁰C and also, to determine activation energies using the two most common approaches, namely: Zener-Hollomon (Z-H) [9] and Sherby-Dorn (S-D, temperature compensated time approach) [10] for stress levels of 69.4 and 103.4 MPa between 760 and 900⁰C.
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