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This paper aims to analyze disaster education in schools in disaster-prone areas, focusing on the resulting policies, supporting programs, and challenges in implementing disaster education in schools. The literature review in this paper is carried out systematically and analyzes the content as a methodology in investigating policies, programs, and challenges in implementing disaster education in disaster-prone schools in the Scopus database. The results of the analysis of the literature review highlight several important points related to disaster education in disaster-prone schools, namely (1) In supporting increased understanding of environmental management and resilience in dealing with disasters in disaster-prone areas, governments in various countries make policies by including environmental content in school materials and policies for environmental conservation. (2) School cooperation with the community and government institutions related to the environment becomes a program in increasing understanding of environmental management and disaster resilience. (3) The literature review also reveals that the material’s content, the approach/learning model used, and the teacher’s ability to understand the environment are challenges for implementing disaster education in disaster-prone schools. The problems in the discussion of this literature review are usable as implications for further research considerations. The findings show that disaster education in disaster-prone schools can effectively increase environmental understanding and resilience if existing policies, programs, and challenges are implemented optimally.

The study aims to investigate regarding the effort to imp rove culture literation and students' citizenship through ICT based (LBK) media in Pancasila and Cit izenship Education module. Cu lture literat ion is the habit of reading for students in schools, so that they have an ability to read every day. The method used for this study was research and development (R&D), and emp loy ADDIE develop ment model (Analysis, Design, Develop ment, Implementation, Evaluation). The media was developed with Adobe Flash Professional software with application outputs that can be accessed on a laptop / computer and smartphone. The results of LBK effectiveness testing showed that there were significant differences in students' understanding between pre-test and post-test results (p = 0.000). Before using LBK, 45.25% of students were included in the category of lack of understanding. Only 17.25% of students are included in the category of good understanding. After learning to use LBK media, the category of students who had a good understanding became 34% and those in the category of lack of understanding only 20.5%. Based on this, this development produces media products in the learning of Pancasila and ICT-based Citizenship (LBK) wh ich are tested to be suitable for use in learning Pancasila and Citizenship education and significantly increase students' understanding.

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<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p>Fish is perishable food. Quality of fish, especially the freshness level will drop  significantly if it is not treated quickly and properly. The general method used in fish handling on fishing vessels is cold treatment such as ice cube, ice flake, ice tube, and slurry ice. Usage of slurry ice in Indonesia has not been  applied due  to high  cost of refrigeration slurry ice unit, even though slurry ice has many advantages such as quick cooling, low operating cost, easy operation, and adaptable size. The objective of this research was to determine performance of slurry ice refrigerator (SIR) using sea  water  as  raw  material  in  tropical  area.  This  unit  can  produce  slurry  ice  for  fish  handling  on fishing vessel. An experimenta lmethod was applied in this research. The results showed that SIR could reach temperatures of -6⁰C with no-added load, and -4⁰C with load.</p><p>Keywords: construction, design, performance, refrigeration, slurry ice</p><p><br /> <strong>ABSTRAK<br /> </strong><br />Ikan  merupakan  bahan  makanan  yang  mudah  rusak.  Kualitas  ikan  terutama  tingkat kesegarannya  akan  menurun  secara  signifikan  apabila  tidak  ditangani  dengan  cepat  dan  benar. Penanganan yang umumnya dilakukan terhadap ikan di atas kapal penangkap yakni memberikan perlakuan  dingin seperti menggunakan es  balok, es  curah, es tube, dan  slurry ice.  Penggunaan slurry ice  di Indonesia belum dilakukan dikarenakan mahalnya mesin pembuat  slurry ice. Metode pendinginan  dengan  mesin  slurry  ice  ini   memiliki  banyak  keunggulan  diantaranya  mampu melakukan  proses  pendinginan  dengan  cepat,  biaya  operasional  murah,  mudah  dalam pengoperasian,  ukuran  mesin  dapat  disesuaikan  dengan  kebutuhan.  Tujuan  dari  penelitian  ini yakni menentukan unjuk kerja  slurry ice refrigerator  (SIR) berbahan baku air laut di daerah tropis. Slurry ice  ini digunakan untuk penanganan ikan hasil tangkapan di atas kapal. Metode penelitian yang  dilakukan  adalah  eksperimental,  melalui  tahapan  perancangan  dan  pembuatan  unit  model mesin pembuat  slurry ice  dan pengujiannya. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukkan unjuk kerja  mesin   dapat  mencapai  suhu  -6⁰C  tanpa  penambahan  beban,  dan  dengan  penambahan beban mampu mencapai suhu -4⁰C.</p><p>Kata kunci: kontruksi, rancangan, unjuk kerja, refrigerasi, slurry ice</p>