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Background: High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV-HR) infections are responsible for 99.99% of cervico-uterine cancers and 50% of carcinomas of the oropharynx. Objective: To characterize high-risk HPV genotypes (HPV-HR) in histologically confirmed ear, nose and throat (ENT) cancers in Ouagadougou. Methods: One hundred and twenty-eight archived tissues from the ENT sphere, obtained over the last ten years (2007 to 2017) and histologically diagnosed in anatomy and pathology-cytology laboratories in Ouagadougou were included. These tissues were dewaxed with xylene; HPV DNA extraction was performed and HPV-HR were researched by real-time multiplex PCR. Results: Among the fourteen HPV-HR genotypes tested for, seven were identified. The prevalence of HPV-HR infection was 15.6%. The most common genotypes were: HPV56 (45%) and HPV33 (20%). Squamous cell carcinomas accounted for 75% of cases, followed by lymphomas for 10%. The age range was between 5 and 80 years. Conclusion: The results show the involvement of a diversity of HPV-HR genotypes and a high frequency of HPV56 and HPV33 in ENT cancers in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. The appropriate HPV vaccination will considerably reduce the number of these cancers.

The aim of the present study was to determine the distribution of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) genotypes in childbearing age women, teenage girls, HIV-infected women, women with high-grade precancerous lesions and cervical cancer, sex workers, men, and otolaryngology tumor cases in Burkina Faso. This descriptive cross-sectional study with several target groups, consisted of 2386 samples from Burkina Faso. HR-HPV genotypes were characterized using real-time multiplex PCR. The prevalence of HR-HPV ranged from 15.63 to 72.31% depending on the target population and the nature of the samples. The most predominant genotypes in descending order were HPV-56, HPV-52, HPV-39, HPV-59, HPV-51, HPV-35, HPV-31, HPV-18, HPV-68, HPV-16, HPV-66, HPV-58, HPV-45, and HPV-33. The results of the present study show a wide variation in the distribution of HR-HPV genotypes in Burkina Faso. Genotypes 16 and 18 covered by HPV vaccines only accounted for 32.23% of HR-HPV cases.

Background Human papillomavirus is involved in several forms of tumors of the cervix, anal canal, vulva and vagina as well as ear, nose and throat (ENT). Among ENT tumors, there is a subgroup associated with oncogenic and non-oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV). Low-risk HPVs (LR-HPV) are most often associated with benign infections such as laryngeal papillomatosis, nasal and oral papilloma and high risk HPVs (HR-HPV) are linked to ENT cancers. The objective of this study was to characterize by real-time PCR the low-risk and high-risk oncogenic HPVs involved in histologically confirmed ENT tumors in Ouagadougou. Methods This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of archived tissues (175 blocks) obtained over the past ten years (2007–2017) in the cyto-pathology anatomy laboratories of Yalgado University Hospital, Shiphra Clinic, Sandof Clinic and Philadelphia Clinic in Burkina Faso. HPV DNA was extracted from tissue blocks by xylene and analyzed by real-time multiplex PCR at CERBA/LABIOGENE, Ouagadougou. Results Of the fourteen HR-HPV genotypes tested, nine were identified. The prevalence of HPV infection was 37.7% (66/175). HR-HPV was 25.76% (17/66), LR-HPV (6 and 11) 54.55% (36/66) and co-infection 19.7% (13/66). The most common genotypes were HPV56 (47%, 8/17) and HPV33 (17%. 3/17) for HR-HPV and HPV6 (55%) for LR-HPV. Conclusions The results show the involvement of HR-HPV and LR-HPV in ENT tumors with and relatively high HPV prevalence. Hence the need to ensure population-specific HPV vaccination coverage for effective management.