The current literature on guided bone regeneration (GBR) and guided tissue regeneration (GTR) membrane contamination reports that the physicochemical characteristics of these biomaterials might influence affinity to bacteria, which appears to be a major drawback for the clinical outcome of the regenerative procedures. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate, in vitro, a multispecies biofilm adherence and passage of bacteria through different types of commercially available membranes for GTR/GBR. Four types of membranes were tested (n=12): LC) Lumina Coat®; JS) Jason®; BG) Biogide®; and LP) Lumina PTFE®. Aluminum foil (AL) simulated an impermeable barrier and was used as the control. The membranes were adapted to specific apparatus and challenged with a mixed bacterial culture composed of A. actinomycetemcomitans b, S. mutans, S. mitis, and A. israelii. After 2 h or 7 days, bacterial adhesion and passage of bacteria were evaluated through CFU counting, which was analyzed by two-way ANOVA e post hoc Tukey, at a 5% significance level. Representative areas of two membranes of each group were analyzed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to assess the morphology and organization of the biofilm over the membrane fibers. LC and LP presented similar values of adhered bacterial cells (p > 0.05), significantly inferior when compared to the other groups, in both time points (p < 0.05). All the tested groups were permeable to bacterial cells, with no significant difference between the trial period of 2 h and 7 days (p > 0.05). SEM analyses demonstrated that adhered bacteria number increased throughout the time points (2 h < 7 days). Commercially available biological membranes demonstrated intense bacterial adherence and passage of bacteria, which increased throughout the trial period.
This study aimed to validate an in vitro periodontal biofilm model with complex subgingival microbial communities grown in a stirred bioreactor. Experimental biofilms were characterized and examined for their growth kinetics over time. After incubation under anaerobic conditions
for 3 days, biofilm cultures formed on the substrate were collected and analyzed. The specific growth rate in the exponential phase was estimated to be 0.3915 h−1, with no significant differences in growth kinetics and CFU counts between the replicates (P > 0.05).
The biofilm architecture was consistent in each time-point, with bacterial cells presenting different morphology and completely colonizing the cementum surface. To conclude, the three-day subgingival biofilm model developed in our study successfully mimicked the growth of complex microbial
communities.
Os sistemas bioeletroquímicos são uma tecnologia emergente, a qual utiliza microrganismos para converter a energia química armazenada em materiais biodegradáveis para produzir energia elétrica e produtos químicos de forma mais sustentável do que nos processos convencionais. Dentre os materiais biodegradáveis, muitos resíduos sólidos e efluentes líquidos podem ser utilizados, oferecendo flexibilidade para reações anódicas e catódicas. Em sua estrutura, esses sistemas possuem basicamente uma câmara do ânodo, onde os materiais biodegradáveis são oxidados e geram elétrons livres. Em alguns sistemas com a câmara do cátodo, os elétrons livres passam a gerar corrente na própria célula. Essa tecnologia possui diferentes aplicações como geração de energia elétrica, produção de compostos químicos específicos, dessalinização da água do mar e remediação de solos contaminados. Este trabalho traz uma revisão da literatura sobre todos os sistemas mencionados, bem como as principais reações bioquímicas envolvidas, fornecendo informações e discussões sobre o desenvolvimento atual dessa promissora tecnologia e algumas dificuldades pertinentes, como a produção de energia em larga escala.
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