The effect of xanthan, agar, gelatin, and pectin on the
stability,
physicochemical, and rheological properties of the Pickering emulsions
stabilized by canola protein microgel was studied in two ratios (1:1
and 2:1 as Pickering emulsion/hydrocolloids). Microscopic and FTIR
analyses were used to explore the structure and possible interactions.
Xanthan, gelatin, and agar increased G″ and G′ values. A controlled Pickering emulsion fabricated
without any hydrocolloids became unstable after one day, while no
phase separation was observed after adding xanthan, agar, and gelatin
over 40 days of storage. Microscopic and particle size analyses showed
that Pickering emulsions with xanthan had the smallest particle size.
Rheological measurements showed that xanthan, agar, and gelatin increased
the elasticity, solid-like, and viscose behavior of the emulsion.
Emulsions with agar represented the most elastic solid-like and viscose
character. It was concluded that such stable viscoelastic gel-like
systems could find potential applications as fat replacers in developing
novel healthy low-fat food products.
Purpose
The purpose of the current research is to study the turbulent flow through microchannels having a micropost in aligned and staggered arrangements.
Design/methodology/approach
Numerical calculations are performed on the basis of the finite volume approach, which is based on the SIMPLEC algorithm. In this work, the slip velocity, flow velocity distribution and friction factor for the two micropost patterns are examined at friction Reynolds numbers of Reτ = 395 and 590, relative module widths of Wm = 0.1 and 1 and cavity fraction range of Fc = 0.1 to 0.9.
Findings
Results reveal that for the two micropost patterns, as the friction Reynolds number, relative module width or cavity fraction increases, the slip velocity increases and friction factor decreases. It is found that the aligned micropost configuration leads to higher slip velocity and lower friction factor. Numerical findings indicate that the existence of the continuous cavity surface along the flow direction could be a significant criterion to realize if the velocity distribution deviates from that of the smooth channel. It is also shown that the turbulent flows are capable of producing more drag reduction than the laminar ones.
Originality/value
Previous studies have shown that microchannels consisting of a micropost pattern in aligned and staggered arrangements could be viewed as a promising alternative in the microscale flows for the heat removal purposes. Therefore, understanding the fluid flow through microchannels consisting of these configurations (which is a prerequisite to better understand thermal performance of such microchannels) is a significant issue, which is the subject of the present work.
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