This paper attempts to explore the impact of built-up areas on groundwater levels in district Faisalabad.To understand the rate of built-up area expansion and changes in the level of groundwater in the study area, groundwaterdata has been acquired from the Land Reclamation Department for all tehsils in district Faisalabad. This study wasconducted to assess spatial and temporal variation of groundwater level because of the built-up area change. Descriptivestatistics (Scatter Plot correlation technique) have been applied to figure out changes in groundwater levels. Furthermore,some built-up area extraction methods have been incorporated that are always found to be effective tools for theassessment of built-up area change. The spatial analysis tool Spline has applied to 79 bore points in all tehsils of districtFaisalabad. Results clearly show that a built-up increase of 41 km2in Faisalabad city is causing 1-foot depletion ingroundwater as compared to other tehsils, where a built-up increase is negligible. Such research studies of groundwaterchanges would assist the planners to adopt effective sustainable measures.
This research used the theory of planned behavior as a framework to investigate the role of attitudes, behavioral control, norms, and previous behavior in payday loan borrowers’ difficulty or lack of difficulty in repaying loans. The data were collected from 138 respondents with payday loan experience via a questionnaire in a city in a western province in Canada as part of a campaign to change payday loan regulations. The research findings show that different approaches are necessary to address the needs of distinct types of payday borrowers, based on their repayment abilities and whether the loan improved their quality of life in the long term. Furthermore, we found, similar to previous literature, a group of payday borrowers who lack financial confidence. This sub-group is referred to as the “unsure” sub-group in our research and provides opportunities to improve the payday learning context. To accommodate the unsure group, payday lenders and conventional financial institutions can collaborate to offer innovative financial instruments, improve financial literacy through education, and provide better access to information about borrowers’ financial status. The confirmation of this unsure group also leads us to recommend further study to determine opportunities for payday borrowers to become better informed about their options, to increase financial confidence.
This paper attempts to explore the impact of built-up areas on groundwater levels in district Faisalabad. To understand the rate of built-up area expansion and changes in the level of groundwater in the study area, groundwater data has been acquired from the Land Reclamation Department for all tehsils in district Faisalabad. This study was conducted to assess spatial and temporal variation of groundwater level because of the built-up area change. Descriptive statistics (Scatter Plot correlation technique) have been applied to figure out changes in groundwater levels. Furthermore, some built-up area extraction methods have been incorporated that are always found to be effective tools for the assessment of built-up area change. The spatial analysis tool Spline has applied to 79 bore points in all tehsils of district Faisalabad. Results clearly show that a built-up increase of 41 km2 in Faisalabad city is causing 1-foot depletion in groundwater as compared to other tehsils, where a built-up increase is negligible. Such research studies of groundwater changes would assist the planners to adopt effective sustainable measures.
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