Background: Melasma is hyper-pigmentation of skin, usually seen in young female adults, and previous studies have established substantial psychosocial burden associated with this disease. Aim: To measure the frequency of depression in melasma patients and its correlation with severity of melasma Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Place and duration of study: Dermatology OPD, HIT Hospital Taxila from 1st January 2021 to 31st August 2021 Methods: One hundred consecutive patients of melasma diagnosed by a skin specialist were enrolled. Elderly patients aged >60 years, those with previous psychiatric disease or chronic illnesses and on long term streroids were not included. After getting written informed consent, enrolled patients were screened for depression using Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) Results: There were 17 males and 83 females. The mean age was 41.5±8.14 years. On MASI scale for assessing severity of melasma, 38 patients scored mild, 51 scored moderate and 11 scored severe. Using Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) in patients with melasma, 18 patients didn’t have depression, 38 had mild depression, 31 had moderate depression, 6 had moderately severe depression and 7 had severe depression. Conclusion: The frequency of depression is quite high in patients suffering from melasma. It indicates a need for prompt diagnosis, appropriate intervention at correct time to ensure patient’s compliance to therapy to improve his disease outcome. Keywords: Depression, Melasma, Frequency
BACKGROUND: Assessment of parent/caretaker satisfaction with child and adolescent mental health services in a tertiary care setting METHODS: In this descriptive cross sectional study, 130 parents/caretakers of children aged ≤ 16 years were administered Parent/Caretaker Satisfaction Questionnaire which is a 20-item, 4-point Likert type scale, after their second visit/consultation with Child Psychiatric OPD via non-probability consecutive sampling directly as well as telephonically during six months period. Demographic variables were collected via Proforma. The data was analyzed using SPSS v 16.0. p- value <0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: 73.1% (n=95) were very satisfied (satisfaction level>60), 24.6 %(n=32) were satisfied (satisfaction between 21-60) and only 2.3%(n=3) were unsatisfied (satisfaction ≤20). No significant association was found between demographic variables and level of satisfaction. CONCLUSION: Our study revealed a high level of parent/caretaker satisfaction with Child and Adolescent mental health services in a tertiary care setting. No significant association was found between socio-demographic variables and parent/caretakers’ satisfaction. KEY WORDS: Patient satisfaction, Quality of health care, Child Psychiatry, Mental health services
Background and Objective: With the increasing life expectancy of the populations and rising prevalence of depressive and neurocognitive disorders, there is a need to address the association between the two in terms of magnitude of the neurocognitive disorders and the severity of depression. The current study addresses this issue and aims to observe the association between the two. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from September 2014 to March 2015 at the Institute of Psychiatry at Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan where consecutive patients aged ≥ 65 years were screened for depression using Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Neurocognitive impairment was assessed using Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). -square test was used to compute the association between depression severity and neurocognitive deficit. Results: There was approximately equal gender distribution with a mean age of 63.6 ± 9.68 years. Eighty six percent of the study population was found to be suffering from clinical depression while seventy percent had neurocognitive deficit. The severity of depression came out to be directly proportional to the magnitude of the neurocognitive disorder (P = 0.000) with 68.8% of the patients with severe depression having moderate to severe neurocognitive deficit. Conclusions: Depression is associated with significant neurocognitive impairment in elderly in the local population; higher the severity of depression more the magnitude of cognitive impairment.
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