Studies describing paediatric sleep patterns are needed by taking culture into consideration. The aim of this study was to identify parent-reported sleep-wake patterns in young children and explore possible factors influencing sleep problems. The mothers of 2,434 young children enrolled from well-child outpatient
Background
Perinatal mental health is a major public health concern. In Turkey, the public hospitals operate pregnancy schools which provides an opportunity to integrate an evidence-based Thinking Healthy Programme (THP) for perinatal depression. The aim of this study is to adapt the THP for universal use in the group setting, and to understand its acceptability and feasibility for integration into the existing antenatal care programme for both face-to-face and online delivery.
Methods
Following an expert-led adaptation process using the Bernal Framework, field-testing was conducted on a group of women and facilitators (n=21) followed by in-depth interviews and group discussions. Data were analysed using Thematic Framework Analysis.
Results
Minor but significant adaptations were made to the individually delivered THP for use in the universal group pregnancy schools. Initial findings indicate that the THP-group version was relatable and acceptable to its target population and could be integrated into the antenatal care plan for delivery during face-to-face and on-line group classes.
Conclusion
THP is transferable to the Turkish cultural and healthcare context. The THP – group version has the potential to add value to Turkey's existing perinatal healthcare programme.
Background
Women with perinatal depression and their children are at increased risk of poor health outcomes. There is a need to implement non-stigmatizing interventions into existing health systems which reduce psychosocial distress during pregnancy and prevent perinatal depression. We adapted the WHO-endorsed Thinking Healthy Programme (THP) to be delivered universally to all women attending routine online pregnancy schools in Istanbul, Turkey. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of this intervention.
Methods
This mixed-methods study incorporated a two-arm pilot randomized controlled trial and qualitative evaluation of the feasibility and acceptability of the adapted THP – Brief Group version (THP-BGV) to a range of stakeholders. We recruited pregnant women at 12-30 weeks’ gestation through pregnancy schools within the University Hospital’s catchment area. Women in the intervention arm received five online sessions of the THP-BGV delivered by antenatal nurses. The intervention employed principles of cognitive behaviour therapy to provide psychoeducation, behaviour activation, problem-solving strategies and group support to participants. In the control arm, women received usual care consisting of routine online educational pregnancy classes aided by the antenatal nurses. The women were assessed for depressive symptoms with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale at baseline and 4-6 weeks post-intervention and also evaluated for anxiety, perceived social support, partner relationship, level of disability and sleep quality. In-depth interviews were conducted with women and other key stakeholders.
Results
Of the 99 consecutive women referred to the pregnancy schools, 91 (91.9%) were eligible and 88 (88.8%) consented to participate in the study and were randomized. Eighty-two (83%) completed the final assessments. Our main findings were that this preventive group intervention was feasible to be integrated into routine antenatal educational classes and it was valued by the women and delivery-agents. While the study was not powered to detect differences between intervention and control conditions, we found small trends towards reduction in anxiety and depressive symptoms favoring the intervention arm. No serious adverse events were reported.
Conclusions
Given the paucity of preventive interventions for perinatal depression in low and middle-income countries, a fully powered definitive randomized controlled trial of this feasible and acceptable intervention should be conducted.
Trial registration
The study was registered at Clinical Trails.gov (NCT04819711) (Registration Date: 29/03/2021).
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