Intellectual disabilities a serious problem in the entire world and its prevalence is high in school-age children. These difficulties can influence cognitive, social and emotional areas of functioning and has led their families to suffer in economic and social disadvantages than those without disabilities. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of sixteen week resistance exercise on cognition developments of school children with intellectual disabilities in Desse & Kombolcha, Amhara region, Ethiopia. In this Pre-test and post-test study design eighteen adolescents with intellectual disabilities were participated in the study. Paired t-test was fitted to analyze the pre-test and post-test data of the study participants. In order to measure cognitive variables digit span backward, digit span forward, vocabulary and similarity test batteries were used to measure working memory, short term memory, vocabulary knowledge and comparative reasoning respectively before and after sixteen week of the training intervention. After sixteen week of intervention, a significant mean score change was observed in working memory, short term memory, vocabulary knowledge and comparative reasoning respectively (p < 0.05) after training when compared with before training. We concluded that resistance exercise can improve the cognitive skills of adolescents with intellectual disabilities.

This study was aimed at determining the effects of aerobic exercise training on blood pressure in men hypertensive patients. To this end, the study employed a randomized controlled, parallel-group design. Accordingly, twenty-four male hypertensive patients with a mean age of 38±4 years were assigned into two groups (n=12 each): the exercise group means body mass index 26.8±1.54 kg/m2 and the control group's mean body mass index 27.2±1.98 kg/m2. The research participants' systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) data were collected at baseline and after 16 weeks of the study period. The exercise group (EG) participants performed moderate-intensity aerobic exercise for 16 weeks three days per week. On the other hand, the control group (CG) participants did not take part in exercise intervention but continued their usual daily activities during the study period. Statistical analysis data collected was done using SPSS version 20. Analyses of withingroup and between-group comparisons were done using paired sample t-test and independent sample t-test, respectively, with the level of significance set at P<0.05. The results of this analysis show that the EG has demonstrated significant within-group mean changes in SBP (-7.1 mm Hg; P<0.001), and in DBP (-5.6 mm Hg; P<0.001) compared to baseline. The result in the CG was found insignificant within-group mean changes in SBP (-0.3 mm Hg; P=0.51), and in DBP (-0.3 mm Hg; P=0.39) compared to baseline. Moreover, between-group comparisons showed that mean SBP and DBP significantly reduced in EG compared to CG. Therefore, it can be concluded that 16 weeks, moderate-intensity and supervised aerobic exercise training significantly reduce blood pressure levels in stage 1 hypertensive patients. Thus hypertensive patients could be encouraged to take part in moderate-intensity aerobic exercise training regularly.