Background: Evidence shows that fluconazole prophylaxis is an effective treatment against invasive fungal infections in preterm neonates, however, the most efficient schedule of fluconazole prophylaxis for the colonization and mortality of invasive candidiasis (IC) is unknown. Purpose: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficiency of different prophylactic fluconazole schedules in controlling IC colonization, infection, and mortality in very low birth weight (VLBW) and extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants in neonatal intensive care units. Methods: We searched the PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane databases using the keywords “candida,” “invasive candidiasis,” “IC,” “fluconazole prophylaxis,” “preterm infants,” “very low birth weight infants,” “VLBW,” “extremely low birth weight,” and “ELBW.” Results: Mortality was significantly decreased in a meta-analysis of studies using different fluconazole prophylaxis regimens. The meta-analysis also indicated a significant decrease in the incidence of IC-associated mortality in ELBW infants using the same fluconazole prophylaxis schedules. Conclusion: Future studies should explore the effectiveness of other different fluconazole prophylaxis schedules on IC colonization, infection, and mortality.

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Starting from readily available 2‐substituted‐4‐formylthiazoles and selenazoles, a series of 4‐(2‐aryl‐4‐selenazolyl)‐1,2,3‐selenadiazoles I and 4‐(2‐substituted‐4‐thiazolyl)‐1,2,3‐selenadiazoles II were prepared. Pyrolysis of compound II afforded (2‐substituted‐4‐thiazolyl) acetylenes VII. Addition of potassium hydroxide pellets to an alcoholic solution of II gave 2‐substituted‐1,4‐diselenafulvenes VIII. Decomposition of compound II with base followed by the addition of carbon disulfide gave 5‐substituted 2‐thioxo‐1,3‐thiaselenoles XI.

270ChemInform Abstract The aldehydes (I) react with diazomethane (II) to yield the acetyl compounds (III) which are converted to the semicarbazones (IV). These cyclize with SeO2 to give the selenadiazoles (V). Pyrolysis and/or hydrolysis of the derivatives (V) (R: -Me, -Ph) produce the acetylenes (VI)and (IX) and the heterocycles (VII), (VIII), and (X) respectively. (Intermediates, IR-, UV-, NMR-data).

Background & Aims: Acute bacterial infections of the skin and skin tissues (ABSSSIs), especially methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) type, cause many problems for the patient. This Network Meta-Analysis (NMA) was designed to compare the efficacy between vancomycin and other antibiotics to determine a better treatment to resolve skin infections. Materials & Methods: Appropriate NMA studies were searched in the Cochrane central register of controlled trials, Embus, and Medline databases until January 2021. The Random effects model was used for each outcome in the NMA. The well-known PICOS17 strategy was used to search for articles. Descriptive or non-randomized studies, studies without specific outcomes or characteristics of ABSSSIs, review studies, and studies with subgroup analysis or information without the desired intervention were excluded from the study. Results: 26 randomized controlled trials with 16031 patients met the inclusion criteria. The results of NMA showed that the efficacy of ceftaroline fusamil, delafloxacin, GNGQ2, linezolid, omadacycline, Tigecyclin, and vancomycin-aztreonam were higher than the standard treatment, and the glycopeptides of dalbavancin, oritavancin, and telavancin are not significantly different from them. In the case of MRSA infections, Tedizolid, Linezolid, dalbavancin, and vancomycin-Linezolid therapy were shown to be more effective than the standard therapy. Conclusion: It could be concluded that due to some known advantages of glycopeptides and that they are not inferior to vancomycin in terms of efficacy, these drugs can be a good alternative to vancomycin.