Salient object detection is a problem that has been considered in detail and many solutions proposed. In this paper, we argue that work to date has addressed a problem that is relatively ill-posed. Specifically, there is not universal agreement about what constitutes a salient object when multiple observers are queried. This implies that some objects are more likely to be judged salient than others, and implies a relative rank exists on salient objects. The solution presented in this paper solves this more general problem that considers relative rank, and we propose data and metrics suitable to measuring success in a relative object saliency landscape. A novel deep learning solution is proposed based on a hierarchical representation of relative saliency and stage-wise refinement. We also show that the problem of salient object subitizing can be addressed with the same network, and our approach exceeds performance of any prior work across all metrics considered (both traditional and newly proposed).
Salient object detection is a problem that has been considered in detail and many solutions have been proposed. In this paper, we argue that work to date has addressed a problem that is relatively ill-posed. Specifically, there is not universal agreement about what constitutes a salient object when multiple observers are queried. This implies that some objects are more likely to be judged salient than others, and implies a relative rank exists on salient objects. Initially, we present a novel deep learning solution based on a hierarchical representation of relative saliency and stage-wise refinement. Further to this, we present data, analysis and baseline benchmark results towards addressing the problem of salient object ranking. Methods for deriving suitable ranked salient object instances are presented, along with metrics suitable to measuring algorithm performance. In addition, we show how a derived dataset can be successively refined to provide cleaned results that correlate well with pristine ground truth in its characteristics and value for training and testing models. Finally, we provide a comparison among prevailing algorithms that address salient object ranking or detection to establish initial baselines providing a basis for comparison with future efforts addressing this problem. The source code and data are publicly available via our project page: ryersonvisionlab.github.io/cocosalrank
In this article, the authors propose a deep learning framework for malware classification. There has been a huge increase in the volume of malware in recent years which poses serious security threats to financial institutions, businesses, and individuals. In order to combat the proliferation of malware, new strategies are essential to quickly identify and classify malware samples. Nowadays, machine learning approaches are becoming popular for malware classification. However, most of these approaches are based on shallow learning algorithms (e.g. SVM). Recently, convolutional neural networks (CNNs), a deep learning approach, have shown superior performance compared to traditional learning algorithms, especially in tasks such as image classification. Inspired by this, the authors propose a CNN-based architecture to classify malware samples. They convert malware binaries to grayscale images and subsequently train a CNN for classification. Experiments on two challenging malware classification datasets, namely Malimg and Microsoft, demonstrate that their method outperforms competing state-of-the-art algorithms.
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