The motion of the viscous, incompressible fluid through a porous medium with heat and mass transfer over a shrinking sheet is investigated. The cross-diffusion effect between temperature and concentration is considered. This phenomenon is modulated mathematically by a set of partial differential equations which govern the continuity, momentum, heat, and mass. These equations are transformed to a set of ordinary differential equations by using similarity solutions. The analytical solutions of these equations are obtained. The velocity, temperature, and concentration of the fluid as well as the heat and mass transfer with shear stress at the sheet are obtained as a function of the physical parameters of the problem. The effects of Prandtl number, mass transfer parameter, the wall shrinking parameter, the permeability parameter, and Dufour and Soret numbers on temperature and concentration are studied. Also, the effects of mass transfer parameter, permeability parameter, and shrinking strength on the velocity and shear stress are discussed. These effects are illustrated graphically through a set of figures.
In this paper, we present a numerical method based on cubic B-spline function for studying the effects of thermal radiation and mass transfer on free convection flow over a moving vertical porous plate. Similarity transformations reduced the governing partial differential equations of the fluid flow to a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations which are solved numerically using a cubic B-spline collocation method. The effects of various physical parameters on the velocity, temperature, and concentration distributions are shown graphically, and the numerical values of physical quantities like skin friction, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number for various parameters are presented in tabular form and discussed.
One of the problematic soils that frequently causes many problems to the structures is soft clay, due to its low shear strength and high compressibility. This paper examined the effect of the addition of randomly distributed carbon fibers (CF) on the mechanical properties of soft clay soil. Reinforced clay samples consist of fibers randomly mixed with dry clay with different percentages of carbon fibers and the addition of the optimum water content to conduct tests on them. Carbon fibers were added at (0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, and 1%) of the dry weight of the soil. Laboratory tests were performed on Carbon fiber-reinforced soil samples, including consistency limits, unconfined compression tests, compaction tests, and direct shear tests. The results indicated an improvement in the mechanical properties of the soft clay soil, where the unconfined compressive strength and soil cohesion increased by 105.99% and 70.73 %, respectively, compared to the unreinforced soil. The results also showed that the optimum fiber content that gives the highest strength is (0.6%).
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