This paper deals with Numerical Simulation to analyze the behavior of residual stresses in the plate. The residual stresses at the surface of some weld specimen by using the finite element technique. The results of the numerical simulation analysis were compared with three cases data to evaluate the accuracy of Goldak model (double ellipsoidal heat distribution model). Based on this study, a modeling procedure with reasonable accuracy was investigated. The developed finite element modeling was used to investigate the effects of welding heat input on magnitude and distribution of welding residual stresses in a welded plate made of steel. The different directions of residual stresses in the surface of the plate of 25 mm thick for V-groove shape were studied. It is shown that the welding heat input parameters have a significant effect on the magnitude and distribution of residual stresses.

In this paper, a welding simulation procedure is developed using the FE software MSC Marc to predict the residual stresses.Numerical simulation was used to predict the thermal, mechanical and residual stresses behaviour in dissimilar material welded pipes which were found to be in good concurrence with experiments. Both two-dimensional FE model (2D) and three-dimensional FE model (3D) models are used to simulate the residual stressesin different directions in several regions of the weld zone under the same welding conditions. The 2D modelwas used toreduce the time and cost of numerical simulation.The aimof the present work is to understand the evolution of residual stresses (axial, radial and hoop stresses) in weldments. The results of thesimulationreveal that the hoop and the axial residual stresses around the weld region arenoticeablyvarying from those in the steady range.

This work deals with investigating the effects of solid-state phase transformation on residual stresses during the welding of low carbon and high carbon steels. In this study, depending on MSC Marc code, the simulation considers the local microstructure properties changes due to the thermal welding cycles. A sequentially coupled thermal and mechanical 2-D finite element model (FEM) was used. In FEM, phase transformation temperature diagrams are used to anticipate the amount of martensite in the fusion zone (FZ), and heat affects zone (HAZ). The simulation results demonstrated that the residual stress in low carbon steel is not affected by the volume change caused bythe austenite-martensite transformation. In contrarily,the residual stressesin the high carbon steel are considerably influenced by the martensitic transformation.

A numerical simulation procedure is presented to predict residual stress states in multi-pass welds in oil transportation pipes. In this paper, a two-dimensional thermo-mechanical finite element model is used to calculate the temperature distribution, hardness, and the distribution of residual stresses during multi-pass welding of pipes of dissimilar metals and varying thicknesses. In this model, the temperature dependence of the thermal and mechanical properties of the material was considered. The present model was validated using the hardness measurement. Good agreement was found between the measurement and the numerical simulation results. The simulated result shows that the two-dimensional model can be effectively used to simulate the hardness test and predict the residual stress in the pipe weld. The simulation results and measurements suggest that the model with moving heat source can obtain a good prediction of residual welding stress. Both the two-dimensional and the three-dimensional modeling can be used to estimate the residual stresses in different weld regions and help saving time.

The objective of this article is to predict the residual welding stress in a dissimilar pipe weld. The 2D model, instead of 3D was used to reduce the time and cost of the numerical calculation. The 2D numerical simulation MSC MARC code is used to predict the residual stress developed during pipe welding. The present model was validated using hardness measurement. Good agreement was found between the measurement and numerical simulation results. The effects of welding parameters on residual stress field on the outer and inner surface were assessed. The effect of welding parameter (welding current) is examined. The axial and hoop residual stresses in dissimilar pipe joints of different thickness for pipe weld were simulated in outer and inner surfaces. When the other parameters remain fixed, and the current has great effect on the weld shape and size, and then affects the residual stress level significantly.