Introduction: Chitosan is one of the natural polymers can generally consider as a biocompatible and biodegradable polycationic polymer, which has minimum immunogenicity and low cytotoxicity. Therefore, chitosan and its derivatives may represent potentially safe cationic carriers for use in gene delivery.Materials and Methods: Chitosan with 90.1 DD% obtained by deacetylation of chitin extracted from local shrimp shells. Graft copolymerization of L-lactide onto chitosan was carried out at room temperature by ring opening polymerization under a nitrogen atmosphere to prepare chitosan-g-poly (N-lactide) graft copolymer. It was obtained in good yield and characterized by FTIR. The samples purity and concentration were detected using both Nanodrop UV-spectroscopy and agarose gel electrophoresis techniques. The human heat shock proteins gene, hsp-70, was used as a model of human genes to study the effect of chitosan-g-poly(N-lactide) graft copolymer. Results and Discussion: The results revealed that chitosan-g-poly (N-lactide) graft copolymers had safety effect on the DNA, and binding with it. the human heat shock proteins gene, hsp-70, was used as a model of human genes to study the effect of chitosan-g-poly(N-lactide) graft copolymer, it shows a good binding ability the human gene, implies that it might be used in biomedical applications in the future. Conclusions: Grafting of L-lactide onto chitosn by ring opening polymerization was confirmed by FTIR. The repaired polymer has safety effects on human DNA and genes. The chitosan-g-poly (N-lactide) graft copolymer has shown high efficiency to electrostatic interaction with human DNA and gene, implying that it is suitable to be used as DNA and gene delivery.
Thiazole derivatives as fungi-inhibitors belonging to 16 amino acids conjugated 2-amnio-arylthiazole was subjected computationally to quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analysis by optimization of chemical structures at minimum energy using molecular mechanics (MM+) theory and the semi-empirical molecular orbital (AM1) method. Correlation of their experimental inhibitory zones against three types of fungi, namely, Fusarium monoliforme, Aspergillus Flavus, and Aspergillus niger with obtained physiochemical parameters was carried out using multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis. As a result, there excellent out of 12 models were correlated with numerous descriptors having correlation coefficient rang (0.967-0.843). discriminant models were selected depending on their correlation coefficients (R2), Fisher ratios (F), and standard errors (S).These QSAR results and the probable pharmacophore features identified in this study offer important structural insight into designing novel amino acids conjugated 2-amnio-arylthiazole. Other 15 thiazole derivatives was proposed and it found that they are in good inhibitory zones.
Poly(1-hexene-co-maleic anhydride) was synthesized by addition polymerization of 1:1 of 1-hexene and maleic anhydride using 1% benzoyl peroxide as initiator. The copolymer has been branched by different lengths of linear alkyl groups (C11-C22) via melt process esterification reaction with aliphatic alcohols using 1% para toluene sulfonic acid as catalyst. The prepared copolymers were purified and characterized by FTIR and NMR spectroscopy. All analyses indicate ring-opening reaction of anhydride group constituted backbone chains with aliphatic alcohols, which confirm the validity of the proposed chemical structures of copolymers. Molecular weight determination was confirmed by GPC and end group analysis (ASTM D1386-98) and found that 1-hexene monomer constitutes the largest portion in poly(1-hexene-co-maleic anhydride) backbone.
This study is engaged in synthesis of novel monomer bis(2-hydroxyethyl) by chemicalrecycling of PET waste using excess of thioglycol in prescience of (0.5%) zinc acetateas catalyst. Best yield of monomer was obtained (40%) when using 1:6 PET tothioglygol molar ratio and 16 hours reaction time. The thiolyzed products were purifiedand characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR and CHNS analysis and these characterizationswere proved that nucleophilic attack to carbonyl groups of PET backbone was achievedby thiol groups instead of hydroxyl groups of thioglycol. Also, urethane polymers wereprepared by reaction of various weight ratios of bis(2-hydroxyethyl) thioterephthalatepoly(ethylene glycol) mixtures with 2,4-toluene diisocyanate monomer. Goodmechanical compression of polyurethane polymers were obtained and evaluated showingtransition properties from rigid to flexible urethane polymers.
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