This study considers improving received solar radiation by an hourly sun tracking on a weir-type cascade solar still (WTCSS). The system was adjusted for 6 hours in 6 steps. It included a dual-axis tracking system, with tracking axis fixed by adjustable tilt angles as the monthly optimum tilt angle. And the other one rotating in six hourly position tracking. The control unit was adjusted by Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) and Lab-TAB based on meteorological and geographical data collected for Ilkhchi city in the Northwest of Iran. Obtained results were compared those of the non-sun tracking system. The analytical results show that the daily maximum solar radiation was about 31.5 MJ/m 2 in July. The experimental analyses show that received solar intensity on the tilted surface in sun tracking system was about 5 to 12% more than fixed azimuth angle and 10 to 30% higher than that of a horizontal surface. The daily maximum solar radiation (Ht) obtained in the summer months was between 0° and 25°. The highest values of the daily beam factor (Rb) belong to months December and January. The highest values of calculated hourly productivity for solar still belonged to July and Jun, with 1.1 and 1 kg/m 2 .h, respectively. Energy efficiencies of tracking system have increased significantly than the fixed system.
This study investigates the novel design of a hybrid solar distillation system. The system includes a parabolic trough collector (PTC), cascade solar still and a single slope single basin solar still as the recycling unit. Thermodynamic parameters of saline water were considered in our energy balance calculations, which improved the accuracy of our results. The experiments were conducted in Tabriz, Iran, during September. Using these three stages, the production rate achieved about 6 kg/m 2 .day in cascade solar still, 4 kg/m 2 .day for the single basin solar still and 450g solid salt. Usually, cascade solar stills have better performance in comparison to other solar stills. To prevent salt deposition among the stairs of cascade solar still, the water should flow through the stairs causing the brine to leave. Recycling brine could remove one of the biggest environmental disadvantages of cascade solar stills. PTC can generate more efficiently than evacuated tubes and flat-plate solar collectors. The total efficiency of the hybrid solar distillation reached 41%. The novel hybrid solar distillation system improved the efficiency of the distillation system and removed brine of cascade solar still.
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