Background:Iron overload is an important issue in the state of thalassemic patients due to the harmful effect of high concentration of iron deposited in different tissues in human body including endocrine glands. In the present work, an attempt is carried out to estimate the effect of iron overload in thalassemic patients on the function of endocrine glands through the estimation of their ability to secrete adequate amounts of certain hormones.Materials and Methods:Seventy eight male children with beta-thalassemia, in the age-group of 4–11 years, were enrolled for this research. These children were being treated with frequent transfusions and long-term iron chelation therapy. Thirty age and sex matched children without thalassemia constituted the control group. Ferritin and different hormones were estimated by ELISA technique.Results:The results showed a mild reduction in the function of endocrine glands through the decrease in the level of some hormones. These changes due mainly to the hypoxia and precipitation of iron in certain glands and overlapping with the synthesis or secretion of the hormones.Conclusion:There is a different hormonal disturbances in beta thalassemia patients. Reduction of total body iron store is an important goal of the treatment of thalassemia and measuring the hormones concentration is necessary for the follow up of the thalassemic patients especially during puberty.

Background: Atherosclerosis remain as a major health problem occasioning early death in much of the world’s people. The ancestry of this diseases related to genetic influences and dietary improperly. The main sources of dietary cholesterol are eggs, meat, and milk products, which induced hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis in some species of animals. Materials and Methods: Eighteen local domestic male rabbits will be randomly allocated into 3 groups, 6 in each Group: Group I (n = 6), control; Group II (n = 6), rabbits were receiving 1% cholesterol diet (induced untreated group); Group III (n = 6), 1% cholesterol-diet + Vitamin E (400 mg/kg daily orally). After zero time, four weeks and eight weeks of the study Blood samples were collected for lipid profile (triglycerides, total cholesterol, high density lip protein and serum IL-6, serum high sensitive C-Reactive Protein hs-CRP, serum MCP-1 and serum HMG-box1. Results: Data of this present study has shown that, high fat diet diet caused an increase in serum level of, TG, LDL-C, VLDL-C and TG were increased and decrease serum level of HDL-C compared with the control group in the rabbits feed hyper cholesterolemic diet (P < 0.05). Histologically all induced-untreated rabbit showed increase aortic intima-media thickness (P < 0.05). Vitamin E treated cause significant change on lipid profile (P < 0.05) compared with the induced untreated group. in compared with induced untreated group (P < 0.05), Vitamin E showed significant the change in hs-CRP, IL-6, MCP-1 and HMG-box1.