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Background: KMC is a safe, low cost and effective method of caring for low birthweight (LBW) babies to reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality. Objectives:To assess the effect of KMC on LBW babies when compared with conventional method of care.Methods: This randomized controlled trial study was conducted in neonatal ward of Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital, Dhaka, from November, 2014 to October 2015. All preterm LBW neonates with birth weight 1250gm to 1800 gm., gestational age > 30 weeks to < 35 weeks, haemodynamically stable were given KMC and compared with conventional method of care. All the babies were monitored and data regarding weight, temperature, apnea, nosocomial infection, feeding, hospital stay and mortality etc. were recorded during the hospital stay and followed up to 40 weeks of gestational age. Statistic analysis was done by χ2, student t test etc. with SPSS-17 version.Results: comparison of 40 KMC babies with 40 control showed that rate of weight gain per day in KMC group was 18.1±7.7 gms and in control group, it was 13.0±4.5 gms ( p< 0.001). Apnea occurred less in KMC group (8% vs. 15%) (p=0.22) and episodes of hypothermia was also recorded less in KMC group (10% vs 18%)) (p=0.21). Culture positive sepsis was 15% in KMC group and 20% in control group (p=0.55 The mean time to achieve full enteral feed in KMC group was 9.1±2.4 days and 14.7±4,5 days (p < 0.001) in control group Ninety percent of KMC and 60% of control group babies were discharged with exclusive breast feeding (p=0.002). Mean hospital stay was 15.6 ± 10.6 days vs 18.2 ± 4.5 days, in KMC and control group respectively that was statistically insignificant, p=0.15. The mortality was 2(5%) in KMC group and those was 6(15%) in control group and that was also statistically insignificant (P=0.14). Conclusion:In this study, KMC is effective for caring of LBW babies and has better effect on weight gaining and establishment of exclusive breast feeding. So KMC is recommended for caring of low birth weight infants.

Penaeus monodon is highly susceptible to vibriosis disease. Aims of the study were to identify the pathogen causing vibriosis in P. monodon through molecular techniques and develop a biocontrol method of the disease by application of herbal extracts. Shrimp samples were col¬lected aseptically from the infected farm and the bacteria were isolated from the infected region of those samples. Based on phenotypic identification, several isolates were identified as Vibrio sp. 16S rRNA gene sequences of the selected isolates exhibited 100% homology with V. alginolyticus strain ATCC 17749. An in vivo infection challenge test was performed by immersion method with V. alginolyticus where these isolates caused high mortality in juvenile shrimp with prominent symptoms of hepatopancreatic necrosis. Antibiogram profile of the isolates was determined against eleven commercial antibiotic discs whereas the isolates were found resistant to multiple antibiotics. A total of twenty-one herbal extracts were screened where Emblica officinalis, Allium sativum, and Syzygium aromaticum strongly inhibited the growth of V. alginolyticus in in vitro conditions. In in vivo conditions, the ethyl acetate extracts of E. officinalis and A. sativum successfully controlled the vibriosis disease in shrimp at a dose of 10 mg/g feed. This is the first report on molecular identification and biocontrol of V. alginolyticus in shrimp in Bangladesh.

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Background : Febrile convulsion (FC) is the most common type of seizure that occurs in children aged 4-60 months, which is benign and had a good prognosis.Objective : To evaluate the clinical profile and management of hospitalized children with Febrile convulsion.Methodology : This cross sectional study was done in Dhaka Shishu (children) Hospital during July 01, 2013 to June 30, 2014. Total 80 children aged between 4-72 months who were admitted in to Pediatric Medicine department with diagnosis of FC were purposively recruited in the study. Data were collected by a trained physician from history, clinical examination, laboratory findings, treatment and outcome using a structured questionnaire.Results : Among the study children 41(51.3%) were between 6 months to 12 months with a male to female ratio was1.5:1. Forty-nine (61.2%) children had simple seizures, and 16 (20%) of the patients had family history of febrile seizures. In 70 (87.5%) cases the duration of seizure was less than 15 minutes and 75% patients had less than one attack within 24 hours of onset of fever. Upper respiratory tract infection was the most common (31%) cause of fever followed by unclassified in 21 (26%) cases. Complete blood count revealed leukocytosis in 49% cases, CRP raised in 30% cases while CSF study and ultrasonography of brain was normal in 30 cases and 10 cases. We could not perform any investigation to isolate possible causative virus. More than 90% per cent received intravenous broad-spectrum antibiotics and prophylactic anticonvulsant drugs during early days of hospitalization.Conclusion : In this study, Upper respiratory Tract infection was found as common cause of febrile convulsion. Duration of seizure was less than 15 minutes and Leukocytosis, raised CRP was identified and nearly all patients received broad-spectrum antibiotics during hospital stay.Northern International Medical College Journal Vol.7(1) Jul 2015: 101-104

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Vibriosis caused by luminous Vibrio species is one of the biggest challenges to shrimp industry in Bangladesh. This study aimed to characterize whole microbial communities from Vibrio‐infected black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) using 16S rRNA‐based amplicon sequencing. A total of 36 disease‐free and infected shrimp were collected from six different hatcheries in Bagerhat, Bangladesh. A final pool of 12 samples (n = 6) was created by homogenization of the hepatopancreas samples from three shrimps collected from each hatchery for the same group. The amplicon sequencing data revealed significant (p < .05) decrease of alpha diversity measurements and subsequent effects (p < .05) on the hepatopancreas microbiota in the infected group, compared to control shrimp. Proteobateria and Aeromonas were the most dominant bacteria at phylum and genus level in both groups and identified as core microbiota in the community. Two bacterial groups at phyla level and eight at genus level were found associated with the alteration of hepatopancreas microbial communities and associated gene functions in vibriosis‐infected shrimp, revealed by differential abundance and KEGG pathway analysis. The overwhelming abundance of Citroibacter, Shewanella and Candidatus lineages in vibriosis‐infected shrimp needs further investigations.