BACKGROUND: Maternal attachment to the fetus is a term used to describe the emotional relationship between mother and fetus. This emotional connection increases during pregnancy and is reflected in her feelings, perceptions, and behaviors. Mindfulness is important as one of the factors affecting the mental health of people during pregnancy. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the relationship between the dimensions of mindfulness and maternal attachment to the fetus during pregnancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study was performed on 500 pregnant mothers referred to health centers affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. The samples were entered into the study by available sampling method and if they had inclusion criteria and no exclusion criteria. The research instruments were the Fetal Attachment Questionnaire and the Bauer Mindfulness Questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS software version 22. RESULTS: The results of the data showed that there was no significant relationship between the overall score of mindfulness and the overall score of maternal attachment to the fetus (P = 0.62). While from the dimensions of mindfulness such as “action with awareness” there was a significant negative relationship (P = 0.03) with maternal attachment to the fetus and a significant positive relationship “observation” with maternal attachment to the fetus (P = 0.03). CONCLUSION: According to the results of this study, there is a relationship between maternal attachment to the fetus during pregnancy and a number of dimensions of mindfulness. For this purpose, since mindfulness can increase the mother's interactions with the fetus, and this interaction begins during pregnancy and with the mother's attachment to the fetus, it is important to pay attention to this.
Down syndrome (DS) is a genetic impairment associated with comorbidities such as Congenital Heart Disease (CHD). Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) is a complication of CHD in most patients. Due to insufficient documents about the prevalence of PAH in DS with CHDs compared to non-DS (NDS)+CHD patients, this study aimed to compare the prevalence of PAH between DS-CHD and NDS-CHD patients. This is a cross-sectional study conducted on DS-CHD patients referred to the Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology Division at Imam Reza training hospital in Mashhad, Iran, between April 2015 and February 2016. The comparison group included NDS-CHD children matched in terms of age and gender. A comprehensive Echocardiography was run for all patients to determine the types of CHD and pulmonary arterial pressure. Seventy-seven patients were enrolled in the study (47 in the DS-CHD group and 30 in the NDS-CHD group). 48.9% of the DS-CHD patients and 23.3% of the NDS-CHD group developed PAH, which revealed a significantly higher rate of PH among DS-CHD patients (P=0.025). Our findings denote a higher prevalence of PAH among DS-CHD patients compared to NDS-CHD patients. Such an observation is a meaningful warning for DS patients to take early necessary medical or corrective therapies for CHD in order to prevent complications and irreversible pulmonary vascular disease.
BACKGROUND: Spiritual health in the field of health has a great importance in mental disorders and posttraumatic stress disorders, in treatment process. The present study was done aiming “determine the effect of spiritual care education on the spiritual health of preeclamptic women with postpartum stress disorder.” MATERIALS AND METHODS: This randomized clinical trial was done in 2017 on 260 women with preeclampsia in Mashhad. Data collection was done with questionnaires Perinatal Posttraumatic Stress Questionnaire (PPQ), the posttraumatic disorder checklist, Duke University Religion Index, and the Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS). In the intervention group, first, women were educated on spiritual care each day based on Richards and Bergin's pattern, in three sessions, which lasted 45–60 min. The control group also received routine cares. All units completed the questionnaire SWBS at the 8th postpartum period. P < 0.05 was meaningful. RESULTS: After the intervention, this score of spiritual health in the intervention and control groups had a significant difference with independent test (P = 0.004). Spiritual health significantly increased in the interventional group. CONCLUSIONS: Providing spiritual care to pregnant mothers with preeclampsia, increase their spiritual health.
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