This study shows an absence of the greater thermic effect of HP versus NP in women taking the oral contraceptive pill and has important implications regarding the effectiveness of HP for body weight regulation in women. With current obesity treatment/prevention strategies remaining largely ineffective, understanding the relationship between oral contraceptive pill use and protein-induced thermogenesis may enable the successful recalibration of existing dietary recommendations.
Implementation of efficacious dietary interventions to regulate energy balance requires understanding of the determinants of individual response. To date, information regarding individual variability in response to elevated meal protein content is lacking. This study investigates whether sex and/or oral contraceptive pill (OCP) use play a role in the response to elevated meal protein in 21 healthy young adults (seven men, seven women not taking OCP, and seven women who were OCP users). Participants consumed each of three standardized isocaloric (590 kcal) meals of differing protein content (11, 23, 31% kcal protein). Resting energy expenditure (EE), respiratory quotient (RQ), hunger and satiety were measured at baseline (fasting) and during 180 min postprandial. Whilst significant dose–response increases in EE were observed in men, meal protein-induced EE in women without OCP reached a maximum at <23% protein. Women taking OCP reported lower postprandial fullness than women without OCP, despite similar body size, but also, most notably, no significant difference in EE response between any of the meals. Whilst the mechanisms underpinning this thermogenic inflexibility in response across a wide-range (three-fold) of protein meal content require further investigation, this highlights the need for careful consideration of factors that may influence an individual’s metabolic response to dietary interventions aimed at optimising postprandial thermogenesis for body weight regulation.
Allah SWT menurunkan al-Qur'an sebagai pedoman hidup manusia. Proses penciptaan alam adalah kekuatan Tuhan dalam menciptakan kehidupan. Allah menciptakan alam semesta yaitu langit dan bumi sebagai sarana kehidupan bagi makhluk hidup khususnya manusia. Dia menciptakan dunia ini memiliki maksud dan tujuan tertentu dengan kebenaran. Seperti ciptaan alam (air) yang memiliki manfaat bagi makhluk hidup. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan mukjizat ayat-ayat al-Qur'an. Hasilnya adalah ayat tentang air yang berperan dalam siklus air yang disebut Al-Quran adalah air laut ada 33 kali, air dari langit (hujan) 32 kali dan air sungai sebanyak 48 kali, lalu siklus air dalam kebenaran ayat-ayat al-Qur'an adalah kekuasaan Allah. Jadi sebagai seorang Muslim yang beriman, ia telah menjadikan al-Qur'an sebagai pelajaran dan kekuatan iman dan pedoman hidup dalam Islam sebagai ilmuwan besar. Ilmu pengetahuan memudahkan umat Islam untuk memahami isi al-Qur'an.
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