Tuberculosis (TB) is a multi-systemic infectious disease that has evoked a substantial disease burden in developing countries, including Bangladesh. The aim of this study is to determine the socio-demographic risk factors for adult tuberculosis. A matched case-control study was conducted with 178 cases and 179 controls from a selected TB hospital in Dhaka. Data was collected via face-to-face interview using a standard structured questionnaire, posing questions about socio-demographic, clinical and behavioral factors where tuberculosis patients were matched for age and sex to controls. Crude and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the data. The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that over-crowding in a house (OR = 3.49, CI = 2.08-5.93), contact with TB patients during the last 6 months (OR = 1.789, CI = 0.917-3.559) and employed participants (OR = 1.99, CI = 1.175-3.458) were positively associated with the development of TB. Besides, monthly income (>25000 taka) (OR = 0.291, CI = 0.151-0.547) and urban living (OR = 0.295, CI = 0.163-0.527) are found negatively associated with the TB status. The identified determinants for the development of adult tuberculosis reflect a complex interaction among socio-demographic conditions. Tuberculosis control would benefit from a collaboration of broad public health activities in improving the sociodemographic factors.
Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is a significant public health problem and Non-adherence to treatment is an important and often unrecognized risk factor for cardiovascular mortality. The study aimed to assess self-reported medication adherence by 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) among rheumatic heart disease patients and determine the associated factors. A cross-sectional study was carried out by applying a structured interview to Rheumatic heart disease patients aged 18 or higher in a tertiary hospital in Bangladesh. Among Rheumatic heart disease patients, 63.5% showed medium adherence, 36.5% showed low adherence to medication. Walking habit (P= 0.000), exercise habit (P=0.000), smoking habit (P=0.000), and duration of RHD (P=0.005) found significantly associated with medication adherence. Multiple logistic regression analysis also revealed, don't have walking habit more than 10 minutes at a time (AOR=2.416, 95% CI: 1.212-4.816), don't having exercise habit (AOR=2.420, 95% CI: 1.206 – 4.859), don't having habit of smoking (AOR=0.392, 95% CI: 0.183 – 0.841), duration of RHD for less than 15 (AOR=4.190, 95% CI: 0.851 – 20.631) are independent predictors of adherence. Our study demonstrated medium to low medication adherence in the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale among rheumatic heart disease patients. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2019, 5(3): 186-191
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