Smart systems are characterized by their efficiency, high accuracy, and cost reduction. One of the important fields in which the smart system is used is health care, especially monitoring of human vital signs. In general, the conventional patient monitor is expensive, cannot be used for remote monitoring, and non-interactive. In many situations, it requires remote and portable monitoring for patients, such as in case of the area is outside the medical services, infected diseases (e.g., 20), and difficulties of a patient transferred. This paper proposes a smart, interactive, and portable monitor for vital human signs based on the Internet of Things (IoT). The proposed monitor is cheap and easy to use either directly by doctors and nurses or remotely by any person. The proposed system is designed using ESP32microcontroller and vital-sign sensors. It measures three important vital signs, including heart rate, body temperature, and Electrocardiography (ECG), as well as the environment temperature of the patient. The measured signs can be monitored from anywhere in the world through a smartphone application in real-time. Furthermore, the doctor can send instructions and descriptions to the patients in real-time using the same phone application that is designed in this work.
In this paper, the dispersion of photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with five rings hexagonal geometry have investigated by varying different parameters. Many researchers had used small size of fiber ( small pitch distance) to ensure the single mode operation but decreasing the pitch distance leads to increasing the dispersion. It is important to get suitable pitch distance so that it is not large to avoid the multimode operation and not small to avoid high dispersion. In this work, this condition has obtained depended on V-parameter. We have estimated the V-parameter by using the step-index fiber approximation. The Pitch distance which has been obtained is 5 um with low dispersion and low V-parameter ≤ 2.405 (single mode operation). In addition, to get more low dispersion and V-parameter, a doping with two different value of Ge ( 4.1% and 7%) has been applied in core.
In this paper, Nano Electromechanical Switch (NEMS) was designed and simulated by using MATLAB simulation, then was tested by on-line test through bias super-position. This switch has 4.5 nm thickness, offers low power dissipation and permits nonstop observing of all essential jobs. On the other hand, there are some challenges facing this Nano system. One of them is very difficult to resonators collective products with the same characteristics. The fabrication process was also a complex process and much hardness occurred during repetitive operations, which failure and stiction caused problems. In this work, a comparison between the response of a fault-free system and the system with some failures has been carried out. The test results showed a decrease in pull-in voltage with increasing overlap area as a result of wear failure mechanism in Nano Switch (NS). Creep in (NS) affected the value of the young modules and this increased the output voltage, also the crack in the beam of (NS) increased the effective mass and decreased output signal.
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