Objectives: Knowledge on risk factors of bullying and victimization among school students is crucial for the implementation of preventive measures. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and correlates of school bullying and victimization and their association with behavioral disorders among preparatory and secondary school students in rural Egypt. Study design: Cross-sectional Methods: A total of 476 students from two mixed public schools in rural Egypt (one preparatory and one secondary) were enrolled. A pretested self-administered questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic characteristics and correlates of bullying and victimization including personal and social, family, school, and community factors. Frequency of bullying and victimization was measured using the short version aggression and victimization scale. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was used for screening behavioral problems. Results: Prevalence of bullying behavior was high (77.8%) among the studied group, of those 9.5% were unique bullies, 10.5% were unique victims, and 57.8% were bully-victims. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, failure in previous scholastic years (OR = 11.1, 95% CI 1.1-101.4, P = 0.033), witnessing family members using weapons (OR = 6.1, 95% CI 1.1-34.0, P = 0.038), male gender (OR = 2.3, 95% CI 1.1-5.0, P = 0.027), and mothers' education (university or higher) (OR = 0.1, 95% CI 0.02-0.7, P = 0.017) remained the significant predictors for bullying. However, only having a drug addict friend (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.1-5.4, P = 0.025) was the significant predictor for victimization. The independent predictors for being bully-victims in order of importance were exposure to physical violence in the street (OR = 5.1, 95% CI 1.2-22.7, P = 0.031), male gender (OR = 3.2, 95% CI 1.8-5.6, P < 0.001), witnessing fights (OR = 3.1, 95% CI 1.7-5.7, P < 0.001) and insulting words (OR = 2.5, 95% CI 1.3-4.7, P = 0.007) among family members, exposure to insulting words in the street (OR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.2-3.7, P = 0.010), watching violent movies (OR = 2.0, 95% CI 1.2-3.4, P = 0.008), and younger age (OR = 0.7, 95% CI 0.6-0.8, P < 0.001). The self-reported SDQ revealed that the conduct problems scale scored significantly higher among bully-victims (2.8 ± 1.7 vs. 2.3 ± 1.6, P = 0.004). Conclusions: Prevalence of bullying behavior was high among rural adolescent school students. Establishment of a bullying prevention committee at school including all school personnel for addressing different factors associated with bullying behavior is recommended. Further follow-up and psychiatric assessment of students for predicting those prone to behavioral abnormalities are also recommended.

These results highlight the need for large-scale studies to explore the consequences of ongoing political violence on children and to establish baseline data on the mental health of Egyptian children.

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Introduction The Modified Erectile Dysfunction Inventory of Treatment Satisfaction (M-EDITS) is recognized as a useful tool in English language to assess post penile prosthetic implantation (PPI) satisfaction. Nevertheless, a more global questionnaire remains to be introduced for the Arab population, where malleable PPI (MPPI) remains more popular, compared to the inflatable types. Due to the sensitivity of the topic and the conservative nature of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, a scarce body of related research is available. Objective Our primary goal was to develop a validated Arabic version of the M-EDITS adapted to the Arabic culture and introduce it as the AM-EDITS. Our secondary goal was to utilize it to investigate the levels of Arab patient and partner satisfaction after MPPI and its sustainability during and after the first 6 months of surgery. Methods This was a prospective 6-month follow-up study of 120 patients undergoing MPPI at our unit by a single surgeon. Three telephone encounters were conducted for each couple at 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months postoperative (PO). For our study, we developed a validated Arabic version of the M-EDITS, coined as the AM-EDITS. The first encounter covered general patient perioperative experience, beginning from preoperative counseling till early after surgery. The second and third encounters focused on patient and partner satisfaction regarding implant utilization. Results The mean ages for the men and their spouses were 54.7±8.4 and 32.9±4.6 years, respectively. Over 82% of the patients in our study showed a decreased level of anxiety after preoperative counseling. 96% of the patients reported a positive experience regarding their early PO days with above half exceeding their expectations. After 3 months, 82.5% of the men were satisfied, describing their erections to be 80% close to natural. Of the 92.5% satisfied wives at 3 months, 78.5% were highly satisfied. Feeling sexually desirable by their husbands was reported in 93.4%. As opposed to the significant rise in men’s overall satisfaction and AM-EDITS index by 11.6% and 5.2 ± 0.8% (P &lt;0.001), respectively after 6 months PO, partners demonstrated a 12.4% and 5.9 ± 0.8 decline (P &lt;0.001), respectively, compared to the 3 months follow up. Conclusions The AM-EDITS may expand the global application of the original M-EDITS. MPPI represents a good quality of life treatment option for middle to low-income countries. Time has a positive effect on the Arab men’s PO satisfaction as opposed to their partners’. These findings should be considered during perioperative counseling of both parties to ensure sustainable satisfaction. Extended studies are necessary to confirm our findings as well as assess long-term PO satisfaction. Disclosure Any of the authors act as a consultant, employee or shareholder of an industry for: Coloplast

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