Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of Jojoba oil(J.O.) and Nigella sativa seeds(N.S.) in rats fed diet contaminated with aflatoxin(AF).Methods: Forty mature male rats were divided into eight groups and treated for 30 days as follows: (1) Untreated control; (2) Jojoba oil 1.25% (low concentration) ; (3) Jojoba oil 2.5% (high concentration) ; ( 4) Aflatoxin (AF)-contaminated diet (30ug/kg diet); (5) low dose Jojoba oil plus AF; (6) high dose Jojoba oil plus AF; (7) Nigella sativa seeds at 2.5% and (8) Nigella sativa seeds plus AF. Blood samples were collected for biochemical analyses and livers were taken DNA measurement. Results:The results indicated that Jojoba oil is rich in protein, phenolic compounds, phytic acid, and considerable amounts of simmondsin. Animals fed AFcontaminated diet showed severe biochemical changes and DNA damage. Feeding on ration mixed with Jojoba oil alone at the two tested concentrations or Nigella sativa seeds did not induce significant alterations in all tested parameters. Treatment with Jojoba oil to rats fed AF containing diet protected against hepatotoxicity and DNA damage induced by AF. Conclusion:It can be concluded that Jojoba oil and Nigella sativa seeds can be incorporated in AF-contaminated feed to protect against hepatotoxicity and DNA damage induced by AF.
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of Carbofuran pesticide on male reproductive organs, semen analysis and thyroid gland in rats. Oral administration of Carbofuran in doses of 4.2 and 10.5 mg/kg. B.Wt. to male rats daily for 65 successive days significantly increased the weight of testes and decreased the weight of prostates and epididymis. Epididymal sperm characters such as sperm motility and concentration were reduced, while sperm abnormalities were increased. The activity of testicular enzymes such as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma glutamyltransferase (γ-GT) were increased, while the activity of acid phosphatase was decreased. Carbofuran increased the weight of thyroid gland and plasma level of thyroid stimulating hormones (TSH), while triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) levels were reduced. Biochemical analysis revealed that Carbofuran decreased serum glucose level, AST and ALT enzymes, while total cholesterol was increased. Thus Carbofuran has been shown to induce marked functional changes in male reproductive organs and thyroid gland of rats.
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