Children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at increased risk of cardiovascular (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Decreased production or reduced bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) can augment such complications.
Background: The pelvicalyceal system distension and dilatation are referred to as hydronephrosis. Objective: The goal of the current study was to use ultrasonography to identify newborns and young children at risk for renal scarring and assess whether they would require additional surgical intervention. Subjects and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted from January 2008 to February 2012 and comprised 320 infants and newborns, who were diagnosed with hydronephrosis by US standards (200 boys, 62.5%; 120 girls, 37.5%), unilateral or bilateral. 130 of them were newborns, and 190 were kids. An algorithm for managing and treating hydronephrosis based on the Society of Fetal Urology (SFU) grading system for US can be created. Further imaging tests such as voiding cystourethrogram and isotope scanning were applied. Results: Using the SFU grading system, 150 patients (46.8%) were classified as I and II-degree hydronephrosis and 170 cases (53.2%), as III-and IV-degree hydronephrosis. Without any risk of UTI, Grade I and II spontaneously cleared (P <0.001). With a significant risk of recurrent UTI, all 170 instances of hydronephrosis in grades III and IV required isotope scanning and a voiding cystourethrogram (P <0.001). Conclusions: It could be concluded that the SFU grading system developed by the US is a helpful diagnostic tool for hydronephrosis.
Introduction : Gastritis and peptic ulcer are common in children with nephrotic syndrome (NS). This is because of immunospressive medications like steroids with proteinuria and subsequent hypoga mmeglobulinemia Aim of the work: Is to study the prevalence of H.pylori infection among different groups of children suffering from NS Subject and methods: This study was cross sectional-case controlled study conducted at pediatric nephrology clinic -Ain Shams University It was done between July 2019 till November 2020. It included 86 children with different types of N.S and 36 healthy age and sex matched children as control group. All N.S children had stool analysis for parasites and H.pylori antigen with renel functions. N.S children were divided into three groups according to the response to steroids Results :H.pylori infection is common in children with nephrotic than controls with a statistical signification difference (p<0.05) H.pylori infection is statistically signification correlated with GI symptoms as vomity,and infection with parasites besides duration of NS infection Conclusion: Stool antigen test is reliable test for detection of H.pylori infection .H.pylori infection is common in children with NS and related to GI complaints and parasitic infestations
Introduction: Many parents believe that enuresis will be cured with age. Yet, left untreated, the problem may persist into adulthood. Enuresis can be subdivided into primary versus secondary, or monosymptomatic versus polysymptomatic.Aim of the study: is to determine the efficacy of sequential therapy for treatment of enuresis Subjects and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted between April 2014 and April 2020. It included 87 patients with enuresis. Patients were collected from two hospitals: Bugshan Hospital in Jeddah (53 patients) and Nasr City Insurance Hospital (34 patients). All patients were subjected to the following: through medical examination to know the type of enuresis, whether primary or secondary. Also, to know if enuresis was monosymptomatic or polysymptomatic. Renal function tests All patients received behavioral therapy for four months with follow-up on its results. Those who did not respond received sequential therapy (anticholinergics for 4 months). Then to follow up with those who did not respond to give Desmopressin.Results: 60.9% of our patients responded to behavioral therapy, and 33.3% of our patients improved on behavioral and anticholinergic medications. Only 5.8% of our patients needed desmopressin. 10 patients (out of 87, or 11.5%) were discovered to have diabetes mellitus.
Conclusion:A stepwise approach for treatment of enuresis in children is effective. Secondary causes of enuresis should be excluded first before applying the approach.
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