ILS conducted main statistical analyses, contributed to interpreting the results, wrote the first draft and edited subsequent versions of the manuscript.DLP contributed to the pre-processing of eye-tracking data and commented on earlier versions of the manuscript.ZL contributed to the interpretation of the results and editing the manuscript.MS conducted statistical analyses and contributed to the coordination of the study.AR conducted statistical analyses and contributed to the coordination of the study.
CHANGES IN SELECTIVE ATTENTION TO THE MOUTH -Manuscript accepted in Infancy
2AMK managed and conducted the data collection.PT conceived and designed the study, oversaw its execution, secured the funding, conducted main statistical analyses, contributed to the coordination of the study, the interpretation of the results and editing subsequent versions of the manuscript.
A decline in the Spatial Navigation (SN) abilities has been observed in the course of healthy aging. Walking is an inseparable part of the navigation process; however, research tasks overlook this aspect in studies involving seniors. The present study was designed to overcome this limitation by recording gait parameters during natural environment navigation and to determine gait indicators that most accurately assign the participants to the proper age category. Thirteen elderly (mean age = 69.1 ± 5.4 year) and sixteen young women (mean age = 21.5 ± 2.2 year) equipped with gait sensors were asked to learn a path while walking in a real building (Learning Phase), reproduce the path (Memory Phase) and reach targets after a 30 min delay (Delayed Phase). The Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) analysis showed that our self-developed Gait Style Change indicator, that is, the difference in the probability of feet landing between particular SN task phases, classified the participants into either the elderly or the young group with the highest accuracy (0.91). The second most important indicator, the Task-Related (step counts in each SN task phase), achieved the accuracy discrimination of 0.83. The gait indicators, comprising single gait parameters measured while navigating, might be considered as accurately differentiating older from younger people.
M.K. Komorowski et al. source of brain activity. Results show right-side asymmetry for 5-frequency (Hz) theta band and may be due to the dynamical process of expectancy and surprise, corresponding to deviant detection reflected in the mismatch response.
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