Thymoquinone has been proved to be effective against neoplasms, including skin cancer. Its high lipophilicity, however, may limit its potential use as a drug. Melanoma remains the deadliest of all skin cancers worldwide, due to its high heterogeneity, depending on the stage of the disease. Our goal was to compare the anti-cancer activity of free thymoquinone and thymoquinone-loaded liposomes on two melanoma cell lines that originated from different stages of this cancer: skin-derived A375 and metastatic WM9. We evaluated the proapoptotic effects of free thymoquinone by flow cytometry and Western blot, and its mitotoxicity by means of JC-1 assay. Additionally, we compared the cytotoxicity of free thymoquinone and thymoquinone in liposomes by WST-1 assay. Our results revealed a higher antiproliferative effect of TQ in WM9 cells, whereas its higher proapoptotic activity was observed in the A375 cell line. Moreover, the thymoquinone-loaded liposome was proved to exert stronger cytotoxic effect on both cell lines studied than free thymoquinone. Differences in the response of melanoma cells derived from different stages of the disease to thymoquinone, as well as their different responses to free and carrier-delivered thymoquinone, are essential for the development of new anti-melanoma therapies. However, further research is required to fully understand them.
Contacts with the environment, relations as well as different variants of value creation are more intensively explored. Issues of relations concern also museums, which modify their offers and cooperate with private entities, e.g. from the movie industry. However, value co-creation is more often referred to the final stage of the activities and the visitors, instead of other entities. The purpose of the study was to analyze the specificity of the co-creation realized by the museums and the movie industry. A case study method was used. Results showed that a separate movie realization has elements specific to the DART model and value co-creation. Despite some difficulties, through dialogue and interactions is possible to create value.
The purpose of the article was to explore a mode of stakeholders' discussion arrangement with the support of social media platforms, about the project of a new dark-heritage oriented museum. Research Design & Methods: The study was realized within the qualitative approach and case study method. The project of the new museum in Krakow was selected purposively for analysis. Findings: The results revealed differences in stakeholders' demands, barriers in participative projects as well as how conflicting values are managed. Moreover, the usage of social media may sway the stakeholder's attributes, as well as enhance participation of the other. Contribution & Value Added: The study contributes by analyzing a multi-stakeholder dialogue focused on the wider museum environment. The practice of participation is hard for effective realization, even if stakeholder expectations are similar.
Przedmiotem artykułu jest przedstawianie oraz wykorzystywanie kapitału relacyjnego przez instytucje muzealne. Uwaga została skierowana szczególnie w stronę muzeów regionalnych. Celem pracy jest omówienie oraz analiza, które składniki kapitału relacyjnego są wskazywane w literaturze dotyczącej zarządzania muzeami oraz w jaki sposób są one wykorzystywane w praktyce funkcjonowania tych instytucji. Podjęto także próbę wskazania, które komponenty wymagają głębszej analizy. Do zrealizowania celu wykorzystana została metoda analizy literatury oraz analizy danych. Podczas analizy wykorzystano kilka przykładów instytucji muzealnych. Rezultatem było wykazanie obszarów, w których zasadne byłoby prowadzenie dalszych badań. Zaobserwowany został niedostatek opracowań dotyczących podejścia strategicznego w muzeum, jak i lojalności osób odwiedzających muzea. Relacje z odwiedzającymi muzea są najczęściej podejmowanym zagadnieniem, jednakże i tutaj zaobserwowano pewne luki zarówno w teorii, jak i praktyce działalności instytucji. Nawiązywanie nowych relacji z podmiotami otoczenia, jak i praca nad wzmacnianiem dotychczasowych, ma istotne znaczenie dla efektywnego działania muzeum na rynku. Aby kapitał relacyjny był jakościowy, ważne, aby praca nad jego kształtowaniem i umacnianiem miała charakter strategiczny, a nie jedynie okazyjnej współpracy. Obszar relacji muzeum z otoczeniem może być analizowany na wielu poziomach- relacji z konkurencją, interesariuszami, organizatorami. W przyszłości wartościowe byłoby zrealizowanie badań terenowych na większej liczbie obiektów.
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