A study has been conducted to enhance fluoranthene degradation by combining biodegradation with hydrogen peroxide oxidation, as a chemical oxidant calcium peroxide has been used. The impacts of addition of calcium peroxide on microbial activity (phenol oxidase and acid phosphatase) as well as fluoranthene removal efficiency were investigated. It was observed that in the presence of calcium peroxide, the removal efficiency of fluoranthene on day 30 of the experiment was threefold higher as compared to a reference sample. It was found that the activity of phenol oxidase was stimulated on days 1, 7, and 14, by the presence of fluoranthene, whereas stimulation of the acid phosphatase activity in the samples of soil contaminated by fluoranthene was observed only after 14 days of the experiment. This may indicate that the induction period for this enzyme is longer compared with the induction period for phenol oxidase. The inhibition of the activity of both enzymes was observed in the presence of calcium peroxide.
Important factors affecting the effectiveness of microbiological degradation of chlorophenols include the presence of additional growth substrates, which ensure the accessibility of electron acceptors and electron donors, or the applied strains of microorganisms and their adaptation to pollution. Therefore an improvement of PCP degradation by the adaptation of activated sludge to PCP with phenol and glucose as cometabolites was examined. The activated sludge was adapted to 12 mg•L -1 of PCP and to 200 mg•L -1 of phenol, and then, the effect of the adaptation of activated sludge and the presence of additional sources of carbon and energy on the biodegradation of PCP and sorption properties were tested. The obtained results confi rmed that the presence of additional sources of carbon and energy in the growth medium would improve the effi ciency of PCP degradation. Among all analyzed types of research setups, the highest PCP degradation was noted in setups with phenol, regardless of the method of activated sludge adaptation or lack of adaptation. The biodegradation of PCP in the presence of glucose was less effi cient than in the presence of phenol. The highest, 60% decrease in PCP concentration was obtained for activated sludge adapted to PCP in the presence of phenol.
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