On the basis of models developed and experimental studies, the impact of a compression garment on average and local changes in unit pressure was analysed. The study was based on the analysis of the results of 3D scans of selected parts of female and male bodies. It was found out that surface pressure exerted by the compression garment leads to some changes in the geometry of body circumferences and in their lengths and, consequently, to a change in the average pressure value, as well as local changes along the circumference. The main purpose of this work was to estimate the size of these changes in the example of selected parts of female and male bodies.
One of the most important stages in the design process of compression products is describing
the relationship between the force and elongation of the knitted fabric, using appropriate
and scientifically justified force values in the fabric undergoing a stretching and relaxation
test, in the form of a hysteresis loop. Research on this issue was carried out on two variants
of knitted fabrics with elastomeric threads – a warp and a weft – knitted one. Based on
the functions of the relation between the force and relative elongation determined and on
Laplace’s law, compression bands with intended values of unit pressure were designed and
manufactured and then subjected to experimental verification. In addition, a procedure was
presented for dividing compression fabrics into specific compression classes.
On the basis of models developed, an analysis was made of the impact of the seam and adopted manufacturing tolerances of a compression product on the value of unit pressure depending on the longitudinal rigidity of a compression fabric for relatively small body circumferences. Algorithms were developed using Laplace's law and can be applied for designing textile compression products connected by seams, with an intended value of unit pressure. The research results allowed to formulate some general guidelines for designing compression products for relatively small body circumferences.
The work comprises a statistical tolerance analysis of human body dimensions using a 3D body scanner and its impact on the value of unit pressure exerted by a compression product on the subject’s body. Model calculations of changes in unit pressure due to the susceptibility of the human body were carried out on the basis of the Laplace law using experimentally determined values of circumferences of particular parts of a female subject, with and without a compression product. Experimentally documented changes in the body circumferences under the influence of a compression garment are one of the reasons for the differences between the intended and actual pressure value exerted by the product.
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