The article deals with the issue of man-made resources utilization in the form of ceramic crushed bricks and production fault with fine and big fillers for small objects production from the ceramic-concrete. This wasteless technology of wall materials production allows saving the environment. There is a peculiarity of preparing forming ceramic-concrete compositions as well as in structures of these compositions. There are formulas of light-weight concretes based on ceramic brick filler and parameters necessary for quality and durable small-piece materials. Such characteristics as density, thermal conductivity, cold resisting property and compression strength have been studied as exactly these characteristics are under special attention. Developed compositions of light ceramic-concretes had rather low thermal conductivity within 0.49–0.98 Wt/(m·°C), ceramic-concrete type by cold resisting property was within F50 to F100 limits, density changed from 1300-1700 kg/m3, compression strength was 41 MPa. Using crushed bricks in light concretes allows reducing the cost by 30–35.
A review of the use of industrial wastes in our country and abroad was conducted, and prospects for using man-made raw materials at the Grozny CHP and wastes of subsurface rocks crushing were considered. The analysis of the results of the conducted research is carried out, which showed that secondary technogenic raw materials can successfully compete and replace exhaustible natural resources, since the chemical composition and qualitative parameters of the materials under study confirm its uniqueness and, moreover, there is can see a solution of environmental problems. The formulation of multicomponent binders and concretes based on fine-dispersed ash microspheres and enriched artificial aggregates promoted recycling of secondary raw materials and improvement of the ecological situation in the region.
The paper discusses the issues associated with the development of multi-component binders and high-quality concrete on their basis. The basis for the preparation of such binders is the use of finely divided mineral additives of natural and man-made origin. Particular attention is paid to the aggregate, the strength of coarse aggregate should be at least 20% higher than the strength of concrete, and the maximum particle size should not exceed 8-20 mm. To date, considerable experience has been gained in the production of multicomponent binders, and the results of the research carried out in this direction have shown that the raw material potential of the republic allows obtain high-quality concrete of class B 30-40. As if to expand the geography of natural resources regions of the North Caucasus Federal District, it is possible to obtain concrete of higher strength.
Objectives In the process of firing Portland cement clinker in electrostatic precipitators, in rotary kilns, a large amount of harmful substances, both clinker and aspiration, accumulates, therefore rational use of these products leads to certain shares of a full-fledged river resource, which are derived from industrial cement. It should be noted that the reuse of dust electrostatic precipitators is impossible.Method The basis for obtaining durable and more resource-efficient composites is based on modern technological methods that contribute to the improvement of technical and physicomechanical properties, with the integrated application of technogenic raw materials and liquid sodium binder.Result The basis for obtaining durable and more resource-efficient composites is based on modern technological methods that contribute to the improvement of technical and physicomechanical properties, with the integrated application of technogenic raw materials and liquid sodium binder.Conclusion The developed clinker-free binder formulations using the cement industry wastes and sodium-based sludge glass will make it possible to produce less expensive, durable, and durable composites that will partially replace traditional concrete with expensive portland cement.
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