Background: Atherogenic lipid profile is reported to become pronounced with onset of nephropathy. Lipid ratios also indicate atherogenic dyslipidemia. Lipoprotein (a) [(Lp(a)] considered as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), may play an important role in development and progression of nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The present study aimed to assess atherogenic dyslipidemia in T2DM and diabetic nephropathy patients. Methods: Total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides(Tgl), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), Lp(a), lipid ratios: TC/HDL, Tgl/HDL, LDL/HDL, non-HDL cholesterol and atherogenic index (AI) was assessed in T2DM (n=35), diabetic nephropathy (n=30) and healthy individuals (n=30). Means of biochemical parameters were compared by ANOVA (analysis of variance). Pearson correlation was performed to study the association between parameters. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis was done to assess the predictive ability of the variables. Results: Atherogenic dyslipidemia with elevated Lp(a), TC, Tgl, VLDL, LDL, non-HDL cholesterol, lipid ratios, AI and low HDL levels were observed in both T2DM patients with and without nephropathy when compared to controls. Significantly high Tgl/HDL, TC/HDL and AI were observed in diabetic nephropathy when compared to T2DM. Conclusion: T2DM and diabetic nephropathy are associated with dyslipidemia which was more pronounced in diabetic nephropathy. Elevated Lp(a) levels may be considered as an independent CVD risk marker in T2DM and diabetic nephropathy patients along with atherogenic lipid ratio indicators. [Int J Res Med Sci 2013; 1(4.000): 455-459
Background: Chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients are more prone for infection such as Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, which may be associated with increased oxidative stress (OS). Ischemiamodified albumin (IMA) levels rises not only during ischemia but also during chronic OS. Hence the study was aimed to evaluate the levels of IMA and its association with oxidative stress in HCV positive HD patients. Methods: Twenty two HCV positive [HCV (+)], 22 HCV negative [HCV (-)] patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) on maintenance HD and 22 healthy subjects were enrolled in this crosssectional observational study. Plasma IMA was determined by spectrophotometric Co (II) -albumin binding assay. Plasma MDA was determined by spectrophotometric method. Results: Both MDA and IMA levels were significantly higher in HCV (+) and HCV (-) HD patients compared to controls (p < 0.001). A significant increase in MDA levels was observed in HCV (+) HD patients when compared with HCV (-) HD patients (p<0.001); however no change in IMA levels were noted between HCV (+) and HCV (-) HD patients. A negative correlation was observed between IMA and MDA levels in both HCV (+) (r= -0.278, p=0.178) and HCV (-) HD patients (r= -0.193, p=0.354) which were however not statistically significant. Conclusion: Plasma IMA and MDA levels were elevated in both groups of HD patients when compared to controls. However, hepatitis C infection does not appear to cause any additional increase of IMA levels in HD patients.
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