The American Society of Anesthesiologists; All India Difficult Airway Association; European Airway Management Society; European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care; Italian Society of Anesthesiology, Analgesia, Resuscitation and Intensive Care, Learning, Teaching and Investigation Difficult Airway Group; Society for Airway Management; Society for Ambulatory Anesthesia; Society for Head and Neck Anesthesia; Society for Pediatric Anesthesia; Society of Critical Care Anesthesiologists; and the Trauma Anesthesiology Society present an updated report of the Practice Guidelines for Management of the Difficult Airway.

The American Society of Anesthesiologists Committee on Standards and Practice Parameters and the Task Force on Obstetric Anesthesia and the Society for Obstetric Anesthesia and Perinatology present an updated report of the Practice Guidelines for Obstetric Anesthesia. Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.

This practice advisory updates the “Practice Advisory for the Perioperative Management of Patients with Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices: Pacemakers and Implantable Cardioverter–Defibrillators: An Updated Report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Perioperative Management of Patients with Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices,” adopted by the American Society of Anesthesiologists in 2010 and published in 2011. This updated advisory is intended for use by anesthesiologists and all other individuals who deliver or who are responsible for anesthesia care. The update may also serve as a resource for other physicians and healthcare professionals who manage patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices. Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.

(Anesthesiology. 2016;124:535–552) Practice guidelines are systematically developed recommendations that enable the practitioner and the patient to make informed health care decisions. They may be adopted, modified, or rejected based on clinical needs and constraints, and are subject to revision as necessitated by the advancement of medical knowledge, technology, and practice. This review is an update of the American Society of Anesthesiologists guidelines for the prevention, detection, and management of respiratory depression associated with neuraxial opioid administration. The purpose of these updated guidelines was to improve patient safety and anesthetic care quality by decreasing the incidence and severity of neuraxial opioid-related respiratory depression. These updated guidelines focused on managing patients receiving epidural or spinal opioids in inpatient or ambulatory settings. A thorough methodology was used in the preparation of these guidelines by obtaining scientific evidence and opinion-based evidence.

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.