Analyses of pachytene karyotype were conducted in 18 different accessions of Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn., Panicum antidotale Retz. and Setaria italica (L.) Beauv. However, these accessions showed the presence of chromomeric patterns at or around the centromeric regions. The pachytene chromosome complements of different accessions of these genera differed in the length of the long arm, short arm, and total chromomeres of their constituent chromosomes. The accessions exhibited significant variability in their pachytene chromosome characteristics.
The peptic ulcer is a widespread and common health problem around the world. The major causes include generation of free radicles, decrease in mucosal defense factor, or increase in mucosal injurious factors. Various plants and their products have been known to prevent or reduce peptic ulcers. Natural products from plants are a rich resource used for centuries to cure different ailments. The use of phyto-constituents as drugs has proved to be clinically effective and less toxic than existing drugs. An attempt has been made to review some plant species and their products as phytomedicines showing promising results in prevention and treatment of peptic ulcers.
Plants have been a source of treatment and a cure to various diseases and health conditions. India has immense traditional knowledge of useful plants of medicinal importance. This knowledge has been an intrinsic part of the lifestyles of various indigenous peoples in different parts of the country and has served as the basis of discovery/designing of modern medicines. One such region rich in traditional knowledge of medicinal plants is the north-east Indian state of Manipur. Eupatorium birmanicum DC known as Langthrei (Asteraceae), which is grown in every household and has a revered position, has anti-ulcer properties, and crushed fresh juice is taken orally to treat gastro-enteritis. There is an abundance of such ethnomedicinally important plants whose improved scientific understanding will improve their value in treating chronic conditions as well as conserving the plants and their knowledge. This chapter emphasizes the importance of E. birmanicum, discussing its various medicinal properties.
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