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Waste Management poses a big challenge in front of many Municipalities. The fixed routes and schedules of garbage collection are not that efficient. The monitoring of dustbins is also difficult since the number of such is large. Inclusion of Internet of Things and Machine Learning helps in improving the efficiency and makes the work easier for authorities. A lot of work has been done in this field and this article presents the various approaches used by various fellow researchers. The main contribution of this article is that it puts forward an architecture that can be used in the future. This study will help the researchers who want to quickly look at the work done till now in this field and investigate what can be done further.

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When a pure liquid crystal is dispersed into a suitable polymer to form micron-sized droplet, then it is called Polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC). In the present study, PDLC of different concentrations were prepared by dispersing a conducting polymer poly (3, 4–ethylenedioxy thiophene): poly (styrene sulfonate) into a cholestryl palmitate. The differential scanning calorimetry and fabry perot scattering studies were employed to study thermal and optical properties. It was found that the phase transition for PDLC occurs at a temperature different than those exhibited by pure liquid crystal. The behaviour of PDLC for parallel and perpendicular electric field has been investigated and the dielectric constant is determined. The value of dielectric constant and conductivity were found to increase with increasing concentration of polymer. The bistability and reflective properties of pure cholesteric liquid crystal can be minimized by dispersing polymer which makes material suitable for high contrast at large viewing angles.

Ferroelectric nano-materials are very sensitive to several external stimuli and have attracted great deal of attention due to their property of improving various properties such as photoluminescence, higher polarization, fast response time, low operating voltage and improved conductivity. For enhancing the physical properties, a proper selection of nano-materials for liquid crystals depends upon various factors such as size, shape, preparation methods, surfactant concentration and amount of doping materials. In the present study an attempt is made to study  electrical and acoustical properties of cholesteric liquid crystal after dispersing ferroelectric nano-powder of Barium Titanate (BaTiO3). In addition with this particle size and surface area of pure and nono-particle dispersed liquid crystal were also measured. Our investigation shows increase in Rao’s constant or molar sound velocity, which indicates increase in molecular density indicating a close packing of the material. The measurement of dielectric relaxation at different frequencies gives information about the dynamics of polar groups and molecular motion.