Choosing an application-centric microcontroller development board undisputedly increases the efficiency of the system. It impedes on-field failures and improves the quality of research. This paper analyses the Clock speeds of Arduino Uno and Raspberry Pi Pico microcontrollers to test their computation speeds using Mandelbrot Set, a familiar self-recurring fractal object. Arduino Uno is one of the popularly-used microcontrollers in the field of development. Pi Pico is the first and latest Microcontroller from Raspberry Pi family. Though the boards are economic, the latter tends to be very powerful. Hence these microcontrollers are chosen for analysis. The Mandelbrot Set is formed by the microcontrollers on an OLED display using Escape Time (ET) Algorithm. ET Algorithm takes a position (x, y) and recursively calculates the pixels that have to be turned on to render the Mandelbrot set on the display. Initially the boards are tested at their standard clock speeds. Further they are decelerated to under-rated levels to find the deviation in the rate of change of computation with the raise in their core frequencies. The Arduino Uno requires complex on-board hardware modifications with an intensive monitoring setup to work at overclocked frequencies. Hence this board is not tested at overdriven clock speeds. But Pi Pico effortlessly adjusts its core frequency to work at desired computation speeds using its phase-controlled loop. With this parameter, benchmarks and results, one of the two boards is regarded ideal for applications requiring cumulative calculations.
In mechanical self-winding movement, the center-anchored Rotating Weight rotates about its axis with physical motions of the hand. It thereby winds the mainspring only when worn and stops during lay-offs. A watch winder re-creates the physical motions to maintain the beat in the caliber, when not worn. The paper proposes a residential tourbillon watch winder for self-winding mechanical calibers. The main objectives of this paper are to minimize the working time of the winder and consequently optimize its power consumption. A significant trade-off between the winding and unwinding ratios of the mainspring is ensured, maintaining a higher former ratio using a single-phase 9 RPM Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor. The proposed model states the sufficiency of the winder to work only for 60% of the time. The model uses Watchdog timer to rekindle Attiny85 Microcontroller from sleep mode for scheduling the working time of the winder. The disclosed model is deployed to a Seiko (7S26A) caliber and a Citizen (8200A) Caliber for a period of 26 days to validate the working. The results show that the proposed model with the Seiko caliber requires 41.1 h for winding while the commercial models require 70.99 h. Similarly with the Citizen Caliber, the proposed watch winder requires only 28.8 h which is 21.11 h less than the time required by commercial models.
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