Background Recent prevalence rates of 9% in Australia indicate that pressure injury (PI) remains a significant problem. The current methods used to detect PI are limited and can be imprecise and subjective. More recently, technology has been used in clinical practice to aid in detecting PIs.Aim The purpose of this literature review was to describe the effectiveness of two moisture accumulation detection technologies -ultrasound imaging and subepidermal moisture (SEM) -for identifying the early development of PI in comparison to the standard visual skin assessment (VSA).Methods A systematic search of MEDLINE, CINAHL and Embase databases was undertaken using MeSH terms. The quality of the research was evaluated using a Mixed Method Appraisal Tool (MMAT).
ResultsWe identified five SEM and two ultrasound studies. Our findings suggest that both bedside technologies can be effective for identifying and preventing PI. However, the SEM scanner identified abnormal tissue pathology 2 days before ultrasound indicated signs of PI.
ConclusionThe evidence suggests that the use of the SEM scanner may lead to a reduction of PI and a decrease in PI progression. However, there is a need for wider testing of the SEM scanner to establish optimal protocols for use in practice.
Multifocal motor neuropathy is a rare and chronic movement disorder associated with the progressive weakening of the patient's limbs. This case study examines the clinical presentation, findings, treatment, and outcome of a female patient treated with intravenous immunoglobulin therapy. The case study illustrates the important role the neuroscience nurse plays in the care and treatment of a patient with a complex disorder.
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