Breast density is strongly and independently related to the risk of breast cancer. Women with very dense breasts may have up to five times higher chances of developing malignancy as compared to those with less breast density. Detecting lesions in extremely dense or heterogeneous breasts on screening mammogram can be difficult. We report a case of incidental bilateral breast malignancy in an asymptomatic patient in whom mammogram and screening ultrasound were equivocal.
Vein of Galen malformation (VOGM) is a rare intracranial vascular malformation. Before the advent and advancement of various endovascular techniques, there was dismal prognosis. Rarely, this condition may spontaneously thrombose without the need for surgical or endovascular treatment with good prognosis. We report a case of an 8-month-old infant who had serial imaging, suggestive of VOGM and presented to us for further management, wherein the imaging revealed spontaneous thrombosis.
CEDM has a useful role in identifying occult lesions in dense breasts and in triaging lesions. In a mammographically visible lesion, CEDM characterizes the lesion, affirms the finding and better demonstrates response to treatment. Hence, we conclude that CEDM is a useful complementary tool to standard mammogram. Advances in knowledge: CEDM can detect and demonstrate lesions even in dense breasts with the advantage of feasibility of stereotactic biopsy in the same setting. Hence, it has the potential to be a screening modality with need for further studies and validation.
Aortic cause of acute chest pain or abdominal pain can be easily overlooked. Unceasing wariness is required for timely diagnosis and prompt treatment. In such cases, cross-sectional imaging can detect the type of aortic involvement, its site, extent, complications and would help clinicians decide on a management method and prognosticate the condition. This pictorial illustration represents a spectrum of life-threatening conditions involving the aorta in a non-traumatic setting.
Vertebral arteries are usually paired major arteries of the neck. Typically, they originate from the subclavian arteries coursing superiorly along each side of neck, merging within the skull to form basilar arteries. Different variant anatomy including assymetry, complete or partial duplication, fenestration and variable origin have been explained in the literature. We have a case report of 54 year old gentle man who presented with acute headache and vomitting in our institute. CT angiogram revealed left posterior cerebral artery aneurysm causing subarachnoid hemorrhage. DSA further revealed bilateral vertebral arteries arising from the common carotid artery and left PCA aneurysm.
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