Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent cancer type and the leading cause of death among women in Israel (BaronApel, Israel Center for Disease Control) a. Time-trends in the incidence of BC have been different in Jewish and Israeli-Arab populations. Following a steady rise over a few decades, the incidence of BC in Jews decreased by 3% from 1996 through 2007. In contrast, the incidence of BC in Israeli-Arabs continued to increase by 98% over the same time-period. Age-adjusted incidence rates in Jews and Israeli-Arabs in 2010 reached levels of 91, and of 53 cases per 100,000 per year, respectively (Israel Cancer Registry, Jerusalem).Bedouin-Arabs (BA), who are part of the Israeli-Arab population of Israel, reside in the Negev, a desert and
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