Abstract. Dynamic Substructuring methods play a significant role in the analysis of todays complex systems. Crucial in Dynamic Substructuring is the correct definition of the interfaces of the subsystems and the connectivity between them. Although this is straightforward practice for numerical finite element models, the experimental equivalent remains challenging. One of the issues is the coupling of the rotations at the interface points that cannot be measured directly. This work presents a further extension of the virtual point transformation that is based on the Equivalent Multi-Point Connection (EMPC) method and Interface Deformation Mode (IDM) filtering. The Dynamics Substructuring equations are derived for the weakened interface problem. Different ways to minimise the residuals caused by the IDM filtering will be introduced, resulting in a controllable weighting of measured Frequency Response Functions (FRFs). Also some practical issues are discussed related to the measurement preparation and post-processing. Special attention is given to sensor and impact positioning. New coherencelike indicators are introduced to quantify the consistency of the transformation procedures: sensor consistency, impact consistency and reciprocity.4334

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Automotive industry shows an increased tendency towards characterisation of vibration sources by independent quantities such as blocked forces and free velocities. Currently two independent ISO working groups propose standards for this source characterisation process. Both standards are still under development.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">In this paper it is shown how the different approaches can be derived and compared using the general framework for Transfer Path Analysis (TPA). It is shown how one standard clearly relates to classical TPA methods (using interface forces), while the other standard adheres the component-based TPA principles (using blocked forces). Practical guidelines found in the standard proposals are reviewed, allowing for a qualitative comparison of the proposed procedures. To address typical problems regarding completeness of the interface, an addition is proposed that incorporates the use of 6-DoF Virtual Point forces and moments. It is shown how this approach can be applied to any force characterisation, improving the general usefulness of the found forces. A simulated numerical test case shows the procedure of both standards and discusses the added value of including rotational moments in the source-describing force vectors. An industrial application case demonstrates the application of the second standard with the addition of virtual point forces and moments, leading to perfect agreement with the on-board validation sensor.</div></div>

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