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Abstract:The gut content was analyzed in order to clarify the potential food sources of the oyster (Crassostrea gigas) and the clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) in the Akkeshi-ko estuary. Benthic diatoms in the diets of oysters were most abundant and accounted for 70% in 2003 and 67% in 2004, followed by pelagic diatoms and dinoflagellates. In gut of clams, benthic diatoms represented 78% in 2003 and 87% in 2004, also followed by pelagic diatoms and dinoflagellates. There are no differences in dietary preference between oyster and clam. There are no significant correlations between phytoplankton compositions in gut of oyster/clam and water column. The Index of electivity was high particularly in dinoflagellates and several species of benthic diatoms such as Amphora sp., Cocconeis scutellum, Nitzschia sp., Paralia sulcata, Rhoicophenia curvata and Thallasiosira sp., Gramatophora marina, and so on.

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Bei 9 untersuchten Kartoffelsorten wurden Gehalte an Gesamtcarotinoiden von 0,1988 bis 0,560 mg/100 g in der Frischsubstanz gefunden. β‐Carotin liegt nur in Spuren vor. Der Anteil des als Provitamin A wirksamen β‐Carotin‐5,6‐5′,6′‐Diepoxids schwankt zwischen 15 und 23% des Gesamtcarotinoidgehaltes. Daraus ergibt sich, daß die Kartoffel in beachtlichem Umfang zur Deckung des Provitamin‐A‐Bedarfs von Mensch und Tier beitragen kann.

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Aus mehreren, artmäßig definierten Kartoffelsorten werden folgende Carotinoidpigmente isoliert: α‐Carotin, β‐Carotin‐5,6‐5′, 6′‐Diepoxid, Lutein, Lutein‐5,6‐Epoxid, Violaxanthin und vermutlich Neoxanthin. Die Identifizierung wird geführt durch Messung der Lichtabsorptionskurven, durch Umlagerung der 5,6‐ in die 5,8‐Epoxide, durch den Vergleich des chromatographischen Verhaltens und durch Mischchromatographie mit entsprechenden, aus anderem Pflanzenmaterial dargestellten Präparaten.

Abstrak: Serangan Hama dan penyakit merupakan penyebab terganggunya pertumbuhan rumput laut sehingga menyebabkan menurunnya produksi rumput laut. Salah satu hama dalam rumput laut adalah ikan baronang (Siganus guttatus). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat perambanan S. guttatus terhadap rumput laut K. alvarezii dengan kepadatan berbeda. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Januari 2018 di areal budidaya rumput laut perairan Desa Tanjung Tiram, Kabupaten Konawe Selatan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode rakit jaring apung sebanyak 3 buah dengan ukuran 440 x 100 x 50 cm. Rakit dibagi menjadi empat petak serta diberi label. Dalam masing-masing petak dibudidayakan rumput laut K. alvarezii dengan berat awal 100 g per rumpun dimana masing-masing unit percobaan dibedakan berdasarkan padat tebar 600 g/m 2 , 900 g/m 2 dan 1200 g/m 2 . Pada setiap pengambilan data grazing (daya ramban) ikan baronang dalam wadah rakit apung ditebar 1 ekor ikan baronang dengan bobot sama sebesar 135 g. Selama 21 hari penelitian, grazing ikan baronang tertinggi berada pada kepadatan 1200 g/m 2 sebesar -23,58% dan yang terendah pada kepadatan 600 g/m 2 sebesar -12,4%.Abstract: Pest and disease attacks are a cause of disruption of seaweed growth, which causes a decrease in seaweed production. One pest in seaweed is baronang fish (Siganus guttatus). The aim of this study is to determine grazing rate of S. guttatus on K. alvarezii seaweed with different densities. The study was conducted in January 2018 in the area of seaweed cultivation in the waters of Tanjung Tiram village, South Konawe Regency. The total of plots in one unit of floating cage was three plots pieces measuring 440 x 100 x 50 cm. Raft is divided into four plots and labeled. In each plot cultivated K. alvarezii seaweed with an initial weight of 100 g per clump where each experimental unit is differentiated based on stocking density of 600 g / m2, 900 g / m2 and 1200 g / m2. At each grazing data collection (drilling power) Baronang fish in floating raft containers were stocked with one Baronang fish with the same weight of 135 g. During maintenance, Baronang fish is given commercial feed as much as 5% of body weight. As for the 21 days of research, the highest Baronang fish grazing is at a density of 1200 g / m2 at -23.58% and the lowest at a density of 600 g / m2 at -12.4%.