A series of hydrogels from 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline and three bis(2-oxazoline) crosslinkers-1,4-butylene-2,2 0 -bis(2-oxazoline), 1,6-hexamethylene-2,2 0 -bis(2-oxazoline), and 1,8-octamethylene-2,2 0 -bis(2-oxazoline)-are prepared. The hydrogels differ by the length of aliphatic chain of crosslinker and by the percentage of crosslinker (2-10%). The influence of the type and the percentage of the crosslinker on swelling properties, mechanical properties, and state of water is studied. The equilibrium swelling degree in water ranges from 2 to 20. With a proper selection of the crosslinker, Young's modulus can be varied from 10 kPa to almost 100 kPa. To evaluate the potential for medical applications, the cytotoxicity of extracts and the contact toxicity toward murine fibroblasts are measured. The hydrogels with the crosslinker containing a shorter aliphatic exhibit low toxicity toward fibroblast cells. Moreover, the viability and the proliferation of pancreatic b-cells incubated inside hydrogels for 12 days are analyzed.
The physical, chemical and electrical properties of a coaxial Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) fed by various mixtures of N 2 and CH 4 at atmospheric pressure and ambient temperature has been studied. FTIR spectral measurements of the products formed in the discharge have shown that the main chemical products are C 2 H 2, HCN and C 2 H 6 produced by dissociation of CH 4 , with small but significant traces of NH 3 .such a chemical transformation may provide some insight into the chemical processes prevalent in the atmosphere of Titan. During operation of the discharge a solid brown-yellowish deposit was formed on the central rod electrode and the dielectric pellets. Such a deposit is similar to that observed in other N 2 :CH 4 discharges and is believed to be an analogue of the aerosol and dust observed in Titan's atmosphere being composed of chemical species commonly known as 'tholins'.
Abstract:Titanium dioxide thin films are extensively studied for applications in solid state gas sensor devices. Their gas sensing properties are strongly dependent on deposition technique, annealing temperature, film thickness and consequent properties like crystalline structure, grain size or amount of defects and impurities. In this work we report the gas sensing properties of TiO 2 thin films prepared by reactive magnetron sputtering technique and subsequently annealed at temperatures 600°C and 900°C. The films were exposed to different concentrations of H 2 gas up to 10 000 ppm. Their sensitivity to gas at various operating temperatures, ranging from 250°C to 450°C, was obtained by measuring their resistance. 07.07.Df, 68.47.Gh, 73.25.+i, 82.47
PACS (2008):
Corona discharge experiments in admixtures of N2 and CH4: a laboratory simulation of Titan's atmosphere. Plasma Sources Science and Technology, 18(3) For guidance on citations see FAQs.
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