This paper presents the effects of various milling conditions on the tool wear and workpiece temperature when using ethylene-glycol-based TiO 2 nanofluid as the coolant for stainless steel AISI 304. A TiN coated carbide insert is used as the milling tool. A thermocouple was embedded into the workpiece to record the workpiece temperature during the end-milling process. It can be clearly seen that the temperature keeps on increasing after each experimental pass for three sets of experiments. The experiment conducted using the ethylene-glycol-based TiO 2 nanocoolant exhibits a much lower workpiece temperature compared to the experiment conducted using a normal commercial coolant. Milling with the ethylene-glycol-based TiO 2 nanocoolant reduced the wear on the edge of the insert compared to the normal commercial coolant. In conclusion, end-milling stainless steel AISI 304 using a TiN coated carbide insert and an ethylene-glycol-based TiO 2 nanocoolant exhibits superior results with regard to workpiece temperature and tool wear. The temperature was reduced by 30 percent when using the nanofluid
Surface roughness is a variable often used to describe the quality of ground surfaces as well as to evaluate the competitiveness of the overall grinding system. The subject of this paper is a grinding process performed on P20 tool steel by changing the grinding conditions, including the depth of cut, the grinding passes, the type of wheel, and the cutting fluid supply in the experiment. The main objective was to investigate the effect of ZnO nanofluid on the grinding surface finishing and wheel wear. The machined surface of selected specimens underwent SEM to assess the surface integrity. An artificial neural network was used to predict the surface roughness and recognize the trend of the surface roughness. The result showed the reduction of 47 % surface roughness value in grinding with ZnO nanofluid. The neural network made accurate predictions and could recognize the roughness trend.
The production of cement results in emission of many green house gases in atmosphere , which are responsible for global warming. Hence the results are currently focussed on use of waste material having cementing properties , which can be added in cement concrete as partial replacement of cement , without compromising on its strength and durability , which will result in decrease of cement production thus reduction in emission in green house gases , in addition to sustainable management of the waste. The GGBS is a waste product from the iron manufacturing industry , which may be used as a replacement of cement in concrete due to its inherent cementing properties. This paper presents an experimental study of compressive and flexural strength of concrete prepared with ordinary Portland cement , partially replaced by GGBS in different proportions varying from 0%,15%,30% & 45% in M30 grade of concrete. It is observed from the investigation that the strength of concrete is inversely proportional to the % of replacement of cement with GGBS. And in addition crystalline waterproofing agent is added to the ratio of 125ml for 50kg cement bag , it gives better strength.
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