TX 75083-3836, U.S.A., fax 01-972-952-9435.References at the end of the paper. AbstractA fracturing treatment is defined as treating a formation above matrix rate and pressure, i.e. above the limits dictated by Darcy's Law. Under this condition, the rock cannot take the fluid and is "split" or fractured to accept the fluid at the delivery rate. Several different acid fracturing procedures and treatments are well known and established in the industry 1,2,3 and have been used with varying success.These procedures have been applied to several acid fracturing treatments that were performed on depleted wells in the Middle East. Shortly after the treatment, very high production rates were observed. However, these production rates declined steeply after the initial improvement. This paper will describe how these treatments were improved with a systematic engineering approach and how production of the wells was quadrupled with stabilized production rates. After initial optimization of the fluids system (such as introducing density-controlled treatments), a core analysis was performed to further optimize acid concentration and chemical loading. The next step involved a buildup analysis to determine fracture half length and skin values. The analysis showed that, even though effective etched fracture lengths were obtained, a positive skin was present in the matrix along the frac length, indicating treatment fluid retention problems due to the low BHFP.Since foamed acid treatments were not economically justifiable, the readily available gas used for lifting was injected several days before each treatment. The formation was therefore supercharged and able to produce the injected fluid back out of the formation, leaving a negative skin behind.
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