Flow curves for the concentrated suspension of kaolinite (20 g/30 ml-medium) were obtained in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) by means of a Couette-type rotary viscometer. The flow curves were Newtonian or non-Newtonian, depending on the concentration of PVP and SDS added. From these curves, the plastic viscosity (r/vL) and Bingham yield value (F0) were obtained. The relative viscosity (Gel) of r/PL with respect to the medium viscosity (r/0) were calculated and the contour lines for Fo and for 17rel obtained as a function of the concentration of SDS and PVP added. The feature of these contour lines was qualitatively similar to that for the mean diameter (din) of the secondary particles in a dilute suspension of kaolinite. It was concluded that both the increase in drain the dilute suspension and the increase in r/to1 and F 0 in the concentrated suspension were brought about by the interpartide bridging effect of PVP. The increase in r/re1 was due to the formation of bulky flow units of large void volume. The increase in F 0 reflected the growth of gel structure caused by the bridging effect. It was shown that PVP behaved as a flocculating agent at lower concentrations, but behaved as a dispersing agent at higher concentrations, while SDS at any concentration behaved as a dispersing agent for kaolinite suspension.
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