Antichemical protective gear slowed proper placement of COPA and its fixation compared with surgical attire. COPA may be a temporarily useful device in non-conventional settings, but functional reassessment is required when injured patients reach medical facilities.
The increase in CT was more pronounced in patients where fluids were warmed under the warming mattress (Group M) than in those with fluids warmed by a coil warming device (Group T). The elevation in CT seen in Group M is associated with an increase in infusion fluid temperature at the line just before the i.v. cannula. Both methods of fluid warming (by placing the i.v. tubing under warming mattress and by using a fluid warming system) effectively preserved normothermia during abdominal surgery in children.
Background/Aim: Temperature control is essential during pediatric surgery. The effectiveness of two methods of warming intravenous (i.v.) fluids to preserve normothermia was compared during abdominal surgery. Methods: Intraoperative core temperature (CT) was measured in 59 children, 8 years of age and younger. Patients were randomly allocated to two study groups according to the method of fluids warming. In Group M (n = 30), fluids were warmed by placing the i.v. tubing under a warming mattress, and in Group T (n = 29), by using an active i.v. fluid tube warming system. Observations of CT, infusion fluid temperature (IFT) at the entry to the patient and other relevant parameters were made at 30‐min intervals throughout the surgical procedure. Results: The two groups did not differ significantly by age, gender, body weight or length of surgical procedure. Although baseline IFT was significantly lower in Group M than in Group T (33.8 °C vs. 35.1 °C), it increased during the procedure by 1.2 °C in Group M compared to a 0.2 °C increase in Group T. Baseline CT was also lower by 0.5 °C in Group M compared to Group T (NS), but CT increased in Group M by 1.0 °C compared to 0.2 °C in Group T, resulting in similar final CTs. Conclusions: The increase in CT was more pronounced in patients where fluids were warmed under the warming mattress (Group M) than in those with fluids warmed by a coil warming device (Group T). The elevation in CT seen in Group M is associated with an increase in infusion fluid temperature at the line just before the i.v. cannula. Both methods of fluid warming (by placing the i.v. tubing under warming mattress and by using a fluid warming system) effectively preserved normothermia during abdominal surgery in children.
of patients considered to be at risk: pH < 2.5 and volume > 25 mL in the two groups were similar (38.3% vs 38.5%). In the elective group, there were significant correlations between gastric pH and fasting time, and between gastric volume and serum gastrin and glucose concentration. In the intrapartum group, there was a weak correlation between gastric pH and volume and preoperative anxiety and glucose concentration.There were different risk factors of acid aspiration syndrome between elective and intrapartum Cesarean deliveries, in spite of a similar overall risk of this complication. Therefore, prophylaxis for acid aspiration should be considered in each patient according to the risk factors in elective and intrapartum cases. Internal or external diameter?To the Editor: We read with interest the report by Dillier et al. 1 on a case of laryngeal damage in an infant caused by a too large and inappropriately designed cuffed tracheal tube.We also found a difference of 2 mm in external diameter between two tracheal tubes (produced by Rush and Mallinkrodt respectively) having the same internal diameter (5 mm; Figure).Interestingly, the American Society for Testing and Materials standards for tracheal tubes contain certain requirements for tracheal tubes (i.e., internal diame-CORRESPONDENCE
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