Rationale: We describe 1 case of fetal giant pericardial cyst was diagnosed by fetal echocardiography in the second trimester, and the changes of the cyst were recorded by follow-up observation in the late trimester and after birth. We then review and discuss the knowledge about its diagnosis and treatment. Patient concerns: A 34-year-old pregnant woman was referred to our hospital because of a diagnosis of a fetal pericardial effusion at 22 5/7 weeks at another hospital. Diagnosis: Fetal echocardiography revealed an irregular anechoic area in the right side of the fetal right atrium and right ventricle that was closely related to but not communicated with the pericardiumis and suggested fetal pericardial cyst. Fetal cardiothoracic magnetic resonance imaging showed cystic FIESTA signal in the right lung region, with clear boundary, and a seemingly line-like low signal shadow within. Interventions: Since fetal pericardial cysts keep decreasing in size during maternal pregnancy, follow-up observation measures are taken. Outcomes: Fetal pericardial cysts disappear on their own 4 months after delivery. Lessons: Asymptomatic pericardial cysts in the fetal period can be followed up and observed, and intervention is performed only when the cyst rapidly enlarges or ruptures and becomes infected in the fetal or neonatal period. Echocardiography can be used as a first-line detection method for their initial detection and follow-up.
The co-occurrence of hepatic cystic echinococcosis (CE) and alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is extremely rare. Here, we present the clinical manifestations and treatment outcomes of three cases with co-occurring CE and AE in the liver. Computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging and 18FFluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography-CT were used for preoperative diagnosis. Specimens were taken intraoperatively and sent for pathological studies to confirm the coexistence of CE and AE by laminated membrane, daughter cysts or germinal layer and infiltration structure. Albendazole was prescribed after operation for 12 months. All patients were completely recovered and showed no recurrence at last follow-up. Therefore, surgical intervention and postoperative application of albendazole are recommended for patients with concurrence of hepatic AE and CE.
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