The slightly water-soluble anticancer drug camptothecin (CPT) and its inclusion complexes with cucurbit[n = 7, 8]uril (Q[n] (n = 7, 8)) were investigated. The formation of 1:2 complexes with Q[n] (n = 7, 8) in aqueous solution was confirmed by fluorescence spectroscopy and the apparent stability constants were determined to be higher than 3.01 × 10 12 L 2 /mol 2 . The solid inclusion complexes of CPT and Q[n] (n = 7, 8) were also prepared by the co-evaporation method and characterized by Fourier transformation-infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and powder X-ray diffraction. Aqueous solubility and dissolution studies indicate that the complexes exhibited significantly increased dissolution rates compared with the pure drug and physical mixtures. The potential of Q[7] or Q[8] for stabilizing lactone modality of CPT was investigated by the High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method. The results reveal more than 63% CPT lactone form (active form) in or Q[8] complexes compared to only 36% CPT lactone form in the absence of Q[7] or Q[8] after being incubated in the phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4 at 37 °C) for 5 h. complexes, camptothecin, cucurbit[n]uril (n = 7, 8), dissolution properties, stability
Recent developments in molecular spectroscopy have widened the scope of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) for detection of nucleic acids. In order to solve the interference of impurity signals in SERS analysis that hamper the reliable detection of DNA, Ag nanoparticles modified with thiosulfate ions were used to obtain SERS signals of DNA molecules in aqueous solutions, which showed good reproducibility. By using thiosulfate ions and calcium ions as aggregating agents, this method not only eliminated the influence of citrate on DNA signals completely but also obtained the signals for all bases indiscriminately, including the T base that was considered to have low Raman activity. Subsequently, the base stacking rule was used to identify mutations arising from C/T transition. It further identified the mutation sites of single-base C/T transition using this platform for the first time. This method has wide application prospects in DNA analysis, DNA sequencing, and genetic testing.
Objective This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and clinical efficacy of endovascular recanalization in patients with chronic internal carotid artery occlusion (CICAO) and explore the application value of computed tomography perfusion (CTP) in endovascular recanalization. Methods This non-randomized controlled study included 41 patients with CICAO. All patients received active medical treatment. In this study, patients with successful endovascular recanalization and those who refused endovascular recanalization were included in the recanalization and medication groups, respectively. Before and 90 days after treatment, cognitive function was evaluated using the Montreal Cognitive Function Assessment, and neurological function was evaluated using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and modified Rankin scale. For patients with successful endovascular recanalization, brain CTP imaging was performed to evaluate hemodynamic changes in patients with CICAO before and three days after treatment. Results Overall, 41 symptomatic patients with CICAO were included, and 20 patients received endovascular recanalization therapy, with a success rate of 60% (12/20). The perioperative complication rate was 15% (3/20); there were no events such as hyperperfusion, distal embolism, vascular rupture, or cerebral hemorrhage, and no stroke-related or death-related events. Patients were divided into a medication group (n=21) and recanalization group (n=12). After 90 days of follow-up, patients in the recanalization group showed greater improvement in overall cognitive and neurological function. In addition, successful endovascular recanalization significantly improved cerebral blood perfusion on the occluded side of patients with CICAO. Conclusion Successful recanalization can effectively improve the overall cognitive and neurological functions of patients in the short term. CTP can be used to quantitatively evaluate not only the cerebral hemodynamic changes after internal carotid artery occlusion but also the improvement of cerebral blood perfusion after successful endovascular recanalization, which provides a reliable method for postoperative follow-up.
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